Das Projekt "Heat recovery from corrosive dryer exhaust air" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Süd-Chemie AG durchgeführt. Objective: To save energy by recovering the heat contained in the acidic fumes at temperatures below their dew-point and emanating from the drying operation of a bleaching powder plant. The air heated by the recovered heat will be fed back into the drying oven, saving an estimated 327 TOE/yr of primary energy. The novelty in this process consists in the use of ''Teflon'' as a corrosion-resistant coated on the heat exchanger. A 3 years payback is to be expected at project level. General Information: In the Moosburg plant, bleaching powder is produced by treating aluminium ore with hot HCl (hydrochloric acid). The hydrochloric residues are then air-dried in ovens, from which air exists at a rate of 200,000 m3/hr and at a temperature of 110 degree C, close to the dew-point. Part of this chlorine-containing (60,000 m3/hr or 48,000 kg/hr with 21 per cent of steam) is fed into a heat-exchanger built of glass-tubes in stainless steel casings (tubes and plates), coated internally with PTFE (Teflon). The air tightness between the tubes and plates will be provided by metallic gaskets coated with PFA, a highly thermal and chemical resistant material. The two airflows will move in counter-current, with the air to be preheated flowing inside the tubes. The primary air, cooled to 70 degree C, will flow to a humidifier for washing and then be released in the atmosphere. For a 38,000 kg/hr flow of air preheated from 20 degree C to 76 degree C during an annual 6,500 hours operation, a saving of 13 970GJ/year of natural gas can be achieved. From this, the electricity to operate two additional fans i.e. 130,000 Kwh/year must be substracted, leaving a net saving of 13 500 GJ/year, equivalent to 327 TOE/year. The heat recovery will be measured in 12 monthly recordings of temperature and flow. The pressures, dew-points and water consumptions will be equally monitored by the 30st June 1987. Achievements: During the preliminary start-up, several deficiencies were found in connection to the PFTE lining of the heat exchanger, the optimum function of the mist eliminator and the increased discharges of drips from the chimney due to condensate formation in the chimney waste-gas-stack. To avoid these defects, several actions were taken including repairs, coupling of dust eliminator and modification leading a partial quantity of the produced warm air into the waste-gas-stack. These modifications caused a 29 per cent cost increased and a 25 per cent decrease in actual energy economy measured. The equipment reliability is still to be proved during the measurement campaign.
Das Projekt "18 Reihenhaeuser 'Am Lindenwaelde' in Freiburg" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Siedlungsgesellschaft Freiburg durchgeführt. Objective: To demonstrate that the energy consumption of a single family house can be reduced by 40 per cent in comparison to conventional built terrace houses without increasing the building cost. General Information: The 18 houses are constructed in three fan shaped terraces, designed so that the south facade is wider than the north facade. There are unheated buffer sheds to the north side to reduce heat losses and provide shelter. A double glaced sunspace is attached to the south elevation. The living rooms are orientated to the south with large windows. The passive solar features are increased solar penetration into the interior by split floor levels and an open staircase to allow the warm air to rise into the building and the cooler air into the sunspace. To make the passive solar system function, the doors to the sunspace and to the stair case have to be opened. The houses have 200 mm thick fairfaced on-site casted concrete party walls which are unplastered but painted. The rest of the house is of lightweight construction. The wooden floor joist, which are of untreated timber, are supported on wall plates fixed to the party walls. The external walls are clad with timber and insulated with100 mm rockwool between batterns to give an average U-value of 0.38 W/m2k. The global calculated heat loss coefficient is 347 W/k for a middle house and 406 W/k for a corner house. The concrete pary walls and the stone floor in the living area serve as a heat buffer. The gas boiler for the conventional heating system is installed in the gable to avoid a chimney and to facilitate the later installation of a solar domestic hot water system. The heating system includes a storage tank of 300 l to avoid frequent switching of the gas boiler. The costs of the houses are 30 per cent less than those for a conventionally designed and built terrace house. Achievements: Monitoring was from July 1985 to June 1987 with two of the houses being extensively monitored. The individual total energy demand varied in 17 of the 18 houses from 13,000 kWh/yr to 22,000 kWh. The remaining house had an extremely high consumption of 41,000 kWh/yr, as the inhabitants like room temperatures above 23 C. The averages of the 17 normal houses was approximately: total :15,000 kWh/yr; electricity: 4 4,000 KWh/yr; domestic hot water: 3,000 to 4,000 kWh/yr; space heating: 8,000 to 9,000 kWh/yr. The specific values are: 50 to 60 kWh/m2 heated floor area or 15 to 16 kWh/m3 heated volume. The solar contribution to space heating was approximately 15 per cent. The savings due to improved design and insulation is estimated to be 45 per cent in comparison with a conventional built terrace house. In 1986 the bill for electricity was higher than for gas. Further energy savings would be only possible with forced ventilation systems combined with heat recovery from the exhaust air. The users respond was mixed. All the owners enjoy the lightness and warmth of the houses and the sunspace which is used ...
Das Projekt "Rueckgewinnung von Konvertergas in der Stahlproduktion nach dem KMS-Verfahren" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Maximillianshuette durchgeführt. Objective: In converter steel plants operating in accordance with the KMS process (Kloeckner-Maximilianshütte-Stahl), the production of steel from hot metal and scrap results in waste gases with high CO contents, which have been flared through stacks to date. Three converter plants of the Maximilianshütte are to be equipped with a controlled gas suction and gas recovery system to permit the application of the usable converter gas for the production of process heat and steam by way of intermediate storage. It is to be expected that the annual energy saving at project level will be 6.500 TOE for the production of raw steel, as proposed in this project. General Information: The project is part of an extensive programme for the conservation of energy in the Sulzbach-Rosenberg works. The Maximilianshütte operates a KMS-steelworks there equipped with three converters, each having a capacity of 60 t. The converters are equipped with cleaning systems based on a wet cleaning process. These operate with the assistance of two Venturi stages. A controlled gas collection system is used for suction at the mouth of the converter to prevent combustion of the waste gases containing CO above the mouth. The most important components of this gas suction system, e.g. A controlled skirt which can be moved upwards and downwards, were installed during the construction of the steelworks. Within the scope of this project, the actual gas recovery and gas storage facility is to be developed, erected and tested. Gas recovery requires switch-over stations as well as diverse closed-loop control and control systems, which permit switch-over to gas recovery during the blowing process depending on the CO content of the converter gas (switch-over point at a CO content of about 40 per cent). Pneumatic drives are provided for all switch-over elements. The gas will probably be stored in a low pressure telescopic gasometer equipped with a special shell sealing. Gas storage serves to equalize the irregular gas production. In the first phase of the project, a measuring programme will be implemented following the installation of diverse measuring instruments. Its purpose is to determine the data on the temporal decrease in the amount of gas, the composition of the converter gas and the gas curves occurring behind the cleaning facility in the course of one heat. Such data are required to dimension and design the necessary facilities. These results will be used to determine the process course for the recovery of gas and to design and plan the facilities. Following the erection, the overall facility will be tested in the course of an 8 month demonstration period and final evaluation will be effected. Achievements: The 3 gas analysis systems were commissioned on march 3RD 1985. After this, measurements were carried out on the 3 converter plants during the month of July 1985. A description of the gas analysis system follows; the converter gas is taken via 2 gas sample probes which are ...
Das Projekt "3,5-MW-Waermepumpensystem fuer die Rueckgewinnung von Abwaerme aus Malzdarrprozessen" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Malzfabrik Weißheimer durchgeführt. Objective: The project was intended to reduce the energy input for malt drying at the Friedrich Weissheimer Malzfabrik plant at Gelsenkirchen from 67000 MWh a year to 44 000 MWh a year. General Information: The proposal was to install two heat pumps with inputs of 330 kw and 420 kw. These would draw water from the harbour next to the plant through the evaporator system and heat would be transferred via r22 and r12 refrigerant circuits operated by five sabroe smc 16l compressors. The system was planned to operate as a bivalent system, the temperature being boosted through the existing boiler heating plant. Water heat was exchanged in an air heater and this circuit was used to dry the malt in the malt kilns. The plant output was approximately 90 000 tonnes of malt a year which required about 92 000 mwh a year for drying. About 25000 Mwh were available via the existing heat recovery system. The heat pump installation was planned to contribute a further 23000 Mwh a year for the use of approximately 5 500 Mwh a year of electricity. The system was the result of considerable investigation and planning by messes. Weissheimer in association with Dr.-Ing. Harald Steinhaus of Att Energietechnik. The project, which was a refinement of previous suggestions to use an electricity powered heat pump system, was particularly attractive because harbour water at a relatively high temperature designed for 18 deg.C was available. The Gelsenkirchen site was near other industrial premises, particulary a refinery. Emission from these premises raised the water temperature locally. The system was built and installed during the latter half of 1981 and the beginning of 1982. The main heat pump installation was the responsibility of Sabroe Kältetechnik GmbH of Flensburg. The targets were to integrate the system during the first half of 1982 and operate the demonstration programme between June-July 1982 and June-July 1983. In the event a series of problems meant that the plant was not judged to be properly integrated into the malt production process until July 1983. Achievements: At the beginning of August 1983, the heat pump system had to be taken out of operation owing to an evaporator fault which turned out to be irreparable. The cause of the corrosion damage to the evaporator could not to be fully ascertained, although it soon became evident that replacement in the original (copper) material was not to be considered. Since it was not possible to recommission the plant in its original form (due to the high cost) it was decided to convert the heat pump system to use waste heat from the refrigeration systems. By optimising the integration of the heat pump system into the production process it was possible to increase the number of hours of its operation from +/- 18 h/d in 1982 to +/- 22 h/d in mid-1983. As a result of restrictions in the available power supply (+/- 2500 kW) useful heat pump output was around 2 to 3 MW on simultaneous operation of the refrigeration ...
Das Projekt "Geraet fuer die Feststellung von Quecksilber bei der kontinuierlichen Ueberwachung von Emissionen" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von VEREWA Mess- und Regeltechnik durchgeführt. Objective: The project is to develop, manufacture, and test a sampling and measuring device for the continuous determination of mercury and its compounds in the flue gas of incineration plants. In addition, the sampling device will be capable of collecting other heavy metals, such as arsenic, cadmium, chromium, lead, copper, manganese, and nickel. Mercury will be determined photo metrically. The detection limit for Hg is approximately 2 mug/m3. The tests will take place in the industrial environment of a municipal waste incineration plant. The basic principle of the device has been patented. General Information: Mercury (Hg) and its compounds are highly toxic chemicals; emissions from plants, such as waste incinerators, should be prevented as far as possible. Typically, filters are used in order to remove the remaining emissions; for new municipal refuse incineration plants, the EC Directive 89/369 limits Hg emissions after the filters to 200 mug/m3. A device for the continuous control of Hg has been recently developed by the Essen-based VEREWA MESS- UND REGELTECHNIK GMBH. The EC Commission assisted the development and testing of an industrial-environment measuring device at 50 per cent of the project costs. The Hg measuring device consists of a sampling and the measuring part proper. The isokinetic sampling device is capable of sampling not only Hg but other heavy metals as well, such as Cu, Ni, Zn, Sn, Sb, Ba, Pb, Mn. The average Hg retrieval statistics is approximately 93 per cent. The measuring device proper determines the Hg concentration in the dried flue gas by UV AA photometry, the detection limit is approximately 2 mug/m3. The measuring device may be calibrated at any time, allowing for the check of the zero and reference points and of the linearity of the device. Idle time between each taking is in the range of ms; the measured values are shown on the monitor every 2 seconds; the measuring protocols may average the values to convenience. Overall standard deviations are approximately 5 per cent; thus, the device can be used for process control. Further extensions of the measuring device are possible to allow for the determination of heavy metals other than Hg as well. The device has been successfully tested and optimized for several months in the heavy-duty industrial environment of the flue gas stack of a municipal waste incineration plant. Working entirely automatically, the device meets the need for a reference device for the control of emissions from refuse incinerators, as stipulated by the EC Directive 89/369. Achievements: A device for the continuous control mercury has been recently developed. The measuring device consists of a sampling part and the measuring part proper. The isokinetic sampling device is capable of sampling not only mercury but other heavy metals as well, such as copper, nickel, zinc, tin, antimony, barium, lead and manganese. The average mercury retrieval is approximately 93 per cent...
Das Projekt "Erzeugung von Energie aus Biomasse und organischen Abfaellen durch schnelle Pyrolyse" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Bio-Energy GmbH durchgeführt. Objective: The conversion of biomass and organic waste into high value energy products. Expected energy production is 1 220 TOE/y. General Information: Biomass and organic waste (waste wood, sawdust, bark, straw etc.) is crushed into scraps of 2-3 cm length and 1 cm width, and dried to +/- 15 per cent moisture content by the process gas. The dried crushed waste is then pyrolysed at 500-600 C in a vertical reactor: charcoal is continuously extracted from the bottom of the reactor then cooled, crushed and pressed into briquets. Gases escape from the upper part of the reactor, undergo dust extraction in a cyclone and are then cooled to 80 C in a spray tower by adding water. This temperature lies above the dew point; therefore, no condensate is produced. After leaving the spray tower the oil, in the form of an aerosol, is enlarged in a radial fan. The oil droplets are then removed in a separator. Non-condensable gases are burned and the flue gases are used mainly for drying of charcoal briquets and waste raw materials. Achievements: Several modifications were carried out on the plant in 1986. A pneumatic knocker was installed to avoid bridge building of material in the converter, the converter air inlet pipes were modified, the briquet elevator was replaced by an inclined belt conveyor, and the char outlet flap was improved to avoid clogging and to ensure the converter was air tight. During initial trials the outlet flap was not air tight and uncontrolled combustion was taking place in the converter. Following the above modifications charcoal output of about 25 per cent was achieved. Pyrolytic oil recovery ranged from 4. 6-7. 1 per cent, of biomass dry matter, lower that the 10 per cent forecast. Recent tests have shown that the pyrolytic oil can be contaminated with solid particles and fuel filtration is therefore needed. Use of the oil as a commercial engine fuel has yet to be demonstrated, though some success has been achieved with newly designed engines. The plant is not currently operational as some further modifications are required on the converter and funds to carry out this work are not available.
Das Projekt "Trocknungs- und Kuehlmaschine fuer Granulit und andere Granulate" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Schlingmeier Quarzsand durchgeführt. Objective: The purpose of this project is to test a new type of drying drum for granulite and other granular materials, which, in conjunction with heat recovery methods and the utilization of waste heat, should achieve an energy saving of about 34 per cent compared with conventional methods. This corresponds to an annual oil saving of about 470 toe. General Information: A patent application has been made for a new type of drying drum for the drying of granulite. Its operational efficiency is to be demonstrated in this demonstration project. The drum consists of an intensive drying zone and a re-evaporation zone. The combustion gases from an oil burner heat the granulite to more than 100 deg. C in the intensive drying zone, whereby approximately 75 per cent of the moisture in the sand evaporates. The sand enters the re-evaporation zone, which is operated at a slight vacuum. This process causes re-evaporation to the necessary residual moisture content, and is supported by hot, dry air from the downstream sand cooling (heat recovery). The combustion gases from the intensive drying zone and the dry air from the re-evaporation zone, including the water vapour fractions, are extracted in the central section of the drum. The purification of these exhaust gases is carried out in the dust separator. The compressed air needed in the combustion and transportation processes (6-8 bar) is produced by compressors. Naturally, dry air is produced as cooling air. This is used as combustion air for the oil burner (heat recovery). In comparison with conventional method, the specific energy demand for granulite drying is planned to be reduced by about one-third by the combination of a drying process with re-evaporation and heat recovery. The necessary new components are integrated into operational plant already in existence in Königslutter. Achievements: Alterations, subsequent work: After trial runs, several elements had to be replaced, altered or re-ordered. The Krupp burner was re-ordered. To start with, we had problems with the burner from the firm of Kleinewefers. After controls, subsequent work and improvements, this burner is now working perfectly. The drive was altered. The gear drive was replaced by a chain drive. The electrical controls were altered. regulation apparatus, automatic parts were altered, improvement, worked on etc. Planned alterations for new plant: a) Mechanical twist filters are no longer permitted as filters; in future, special cloth filters must be fitted. b) The angle of the drying drum must be some degrees higher, making installations easier and the performance higher. c) A sand sluice must be installed at the suction part for the exhaust gases, causing less sand in the exhaust gases. d) The burner should be constructed with a smaller volume and greater performance, producing a smaller surface to the outside and better cooling by the compression air on the outer casing. e) Large-scale planning, new planning, thus less conveying ...
Das Projekt "Teilprojekt 5" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Zweckverband Landeswasserversorgung, Betriebs- und Forschungslabor durchgeführt. In der Gesamtvorhabensbeschreibung sind die Punkte Gesamtziel, Stand der Wissenschaft und Technik, gemeinsamer Arbeits-, Zeit- und Ressourcenplan sowie Zuordnung der Zuständigkeiten und übergeordnete Verwertungsstrategie für den Verbund beschrieben. AP 5.1: Methodenentwicklung (0,3 wiss. Mitarbeiter, 0,4 CTA x) - Basierend auf der bisherigen WBA/TLC-Methode mit AChE-Detektion soll durch Modifikation der TLC-Platte die Empfindlichkeit auf kleiner als 100 ng/L gesteigert werden. - Zur Verbesserung der Trennleistung der HPTLC soll eine zweidimensionale WBA/TLC entwickelt werden. - Weiterentwicklung und Erprobung des bestehenden Auswerteverfahrens sowie Durchführung der Validierung von WBA mit TLC. - Entwicklung einer Methode zum Nachweis von Substanzen, die erst nach metabolischer Aktivierung die AChE hemmen. - Optimierung der Kopplung mit der LC-HRMS anhand der Wiederfindungsrate und Minimierung des Blindwertes. AP 5.2: Monitoring (0,2 wiss. Mitarbeiter, 0,4 CTA x) - Monitoring von verschiedenen Wässern aus dem Wasserkreislauf. - Untersuchung auf Transformationsprodukte von bekannten AChE-Inhibitoren durch technische Prozesse der Trinkwassergewinnung. AP 5.3: Korrelation TLC-AChE mit TP 6 (0,5 wiss. Mitarbeiter x) - Korrelation mit den Ergebnissen aus dem TP 6 Monitoring-2 zum Einsatz in der WBA im Hinblick darauf, ob mit beiden Untersuchungsmethoden der Teilprojekte 5 und 6 vergleichbare Aussagen zur AChE-Aktivität getroffen werden können. AP 5.4: Qualitätskontrolle Referenzmaterial (0,2 CTA x) - Referenzmaterialien von Projektpartner sollen anhand ihrer AChE-Hemmung auf ihre Reinheit geprüft werden. M1: Vorliegen einer validierten Methode als Standardarbeitsvorschrift M2: Vorliegen der Ergebnisse des Monitorings M3: Vergleichendes Bewertungskonzept der Ergebnisse TP 5 und TP 6 M4: Vorliegen der Ergebnisse der Reinheitsüberprüfung der Standards (x Anteil der jeweiligen Gesamtpersonenmonate).
Das Projekt "Testing Monitoring Systems for Risk Assessment of Harmful Introductions by Ships to European Waters" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität Kiel, Institut für Meereskunde, Abteilung Fischereibiologie durchgeführt. General Information: The purpose of the Concerted Action is to involve European scientists working on ballast water problems in a joint effort to develop reliable and intercalibrated methodologies for monitoring (intercontinentally and regionally) the continuous and changing rate of transmission of harmful alien species via ships' traffic, thereby providing a tool for risk assessment and environmental management. The intensity of shipping and the structure of the fleet have undergone major changes over the past decade, possibly leading to increased opportunity for survival of exotic species. Risk assessment must consider criteria for quantifying survival probabilities to define appropriate management strategies to minimize risk of introductions. The major problem in transmission of harmful exotics resides with the continued transfer of ballast water in m0dern shipping, in particular bulk carriers and container ships of different design and dimension. The overall objective of the Concerted Action will include the following aspects: - evaluation of the various sampling methods presently used for ballast water studies in selected EU member countries - validation of the reliability of sampling methodologies (through intercalibration workshops, also onboard ocean-going ships) to assess in-transit survival capabilities - development of intercalibrated monitoring systems for use by EU countries and by intergovernmental bodies such as ICES, BMB (Baltic Marine Biologists), IOC and IMO. Additionally, the Concerted Action will consider case histories (e.i. inventories of various types of transmissions) and their major pathways in order to assist in understanding the requirements for the development of adequate mitigation (treatment) techniques. Experts from EU countries will be brought together through a series of workshops held at sites of relevance to the subject. Various methods will be studied how qualitatively and quantitatively the fate of exotic species in ballast water may be examined. The CA will focus on: - Studying and comparing case histories - Develop a Standard Sampling Methodology for collecting and analysing ballast water from ships for Monitoring purposes - Develop a Methodology to study in-transit survival of organisms. - Assessing control measures to reduce risks arising from ballast water releases - Developing a joint research programme on methods of distributional mapping - Create Public awareness on ballast water issues - Consider European waters as donor area. - Document European studies on introduced species in the past. Deliverables to be produced will - among other documents - include: - A working manual will be produced to cover species accounts ... Prime Contractor: Christian-Albrechts Universität Kiel, Institut für Meereskunde, Fischereibiologische Abteilung; Kiel; Germany.
Das Projekt "Untersuchungen zum Einfluss von Pflanzenschutzmassnahmen im (Winter)Raps auf das Auftreten bzw. die Hoehe von Rueckstaenden im Honig, im Wachs und an/in Honigbienen" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Pflanzenschutzamt Schleswig-Holstein durchgeführt. ...Waehrend der Bluetezeit des Rapses besteht jedoch auch die Notwendigkeit, Schadinsekten und Schadpilze zur Vermeidung wirtschaftlich bedeutsamer Verluste mit chemischen Mitteln zu bekaempfen... Ermittlung der durchschnittlichen Belastung von Rapshonig auf der Handelsstufe mit Rueckstaenden von zugelassenen Pflanzenbehandlungsmitteln, die an bluehendem Winterraps angewendet werden (landesweite Statuserhebung); Ermittlung des Einflusses der Praeparat-Aufwandmenge auf die Hoehe der Rueckstaende im Honig; Ermittlung des Einflusses der Ausbringungstechnik (Bodengeraet; Hubschrauber) auf die Hoehe der Rueckstaende im Honig; Ermittlung der Direktkontamination von Flugbienen mit Wirkstoffanteilen; Versuche, diese Direktkontamination durch Unterbindung des Flug-betrie-bes waehrend der Ausbringung und bis mind. 2 h danach zu vermeiden/verringern; Einfluss der Sammelzeitdauer auf die Rueckstandshoehe bei Veraenderung des Abstandes zwischen Ausbringungs- und Schleuder-zeitpunkt; Untersuchung von Bienenwachs desselben Programms auf PSM-Rueckstaende; Zusaetzliche Ermittlung von Tierarzneimittel-Rueckstaenden nach Behandlung von parasitaerer Bienenkrankheiten im Stock (Var-roatose) (Brompropylat, 4,4 -Dibrombenzophenon (Pyrolyseprodukt)) in Bienenwachs; Erarbeitung der erforderlichen Rueckstandsanalysenmethoden (Kapillar-Gaschromatographie; Bestaetigung der Befunde (Massenspektrometrie)). Lebensmittelrechtliche und hygienisch-toxikologische Bewertung der Rueckstaende...Anwendungsempfehlungen... Ergebnisse: In 4 Proben (von 56) der Ernte 1984 wurden keine Rueckstaende ermittelt; in 10 Proben konnte ein Wirkstoff nachgewiesen werden, waehrend in 32 Proben zwei, in 9 Proben drei und in einer Probe vier Wirkstoffe detektiert wurden. In 52 Proben wurden die Wirkstoffe... Vinclozolin, Dialifos, Methoxychlor, Endosulfan und Procymidon festgestellt. Brompropylat und 4,4 -Dibrombenzophenon, Phosalon und Endo-sulfan-sulfat konnten in keiner Probe nachgewiesen werden...In demselben Programm wurden auch 60 Bienenwachsproben gezogen und nach Erarbeitung einer geeigneten gaschromatographischen Methode rueckstandsanalytisch untersucht (Wiederfindungsraten 47 - 70 Prozent; zugesetzte Wirkstoffgehalte zwischen 0,1 und 1,0 mg/kg). Ergebnisse: Neun Proben waren rueckstands-frei. In 47 Proben konnte ein Wirkstoff nachgewiesen werden; waehrend in zwei Proben zwei bzw. drei Verbin-dungen gefunden werden. In 51 Proben wurden die Wirkstoffe... Vinclozolin, Brompropylat, 4.4-Dibrombenzophenon, Procymidon festgestellt... Angesichts der ausgepraegten Lipophilie einiger der untersuchten Verbindungen, der mehr-fachen Wiederverwendung kontaminierter Wachs-Chargen in der Imkerei und der Bedeutung von Bienen-wachs fuer die kosmetische und pharmazeutische Industrie muss bei der Verwendung dieser Stoffe beson-ders sorgfaeltig umgegangen werden.
| Origin | Count |
|---|---|
| Bund | 55 |
| Type | Count |
|---|---|
| Förderprogramm | 55 |
| License | Count |
|---|---|
| open | 55 |
| Language | Count |
|---|---|
| Deutsch | 55 |
| Englisch | 31 |
| Resource type | Count |
|---|---|
| Keine | 51 |
| Webseite | 4 |
| Topic | Count |
|---|---|
| Boden | 43 |
| Lebewesen & Lebensräume | 49 |
| Luft | 42 |
| Mensch & Umwelt | 55 |
| Wasser | 42 |
| Weitere | 55 |