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XRF of Cuttings of the KTB Main Hole HB1h.

Cuttings were crushed in a tungsten carbide ball mill for 25 min; while core samples were crushed in a tungsten carbide jaw breaker and then processed in the same way as the chip material. The resulting powder samples (max 0.06 mm size) were dried at 105°C, 3 gr selected and mixed with 2.5% Moviol solution and finally pressed under 40 kN into alumina rings. These standardized pellets were used for both, XRD and XRF measurements.For the determination of major and trace elements a fully automated wavelenght-dispersive XRF device (SIEMENS SRS 303 AS) was used in the field laboratory. The standard measuring operation comprised 11 major elements (SiO2, TiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3 total, MnO, MgO, CaO, Na2O, K2O, P2O5, S) and 12 traces (Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Cr, Ni, Zn, V, Cu, Th, U).Element concentrations were calculated by setting up calibration curves computed with more than 40 international natural rock standards.

Mineral reflectance spectra and chemistry of 29 rare earth-bearing minerals and rare earth oxide powders including niobium- and tantalum-oxide powder

The data set contains mineral chemical analyses of 32 rare earth element (REE) -bearing minerals (REMin) and rare-earth oxides (REO) and their corresponding hyperspectral spectra. The hyperspectral data was acquired with the HySpex system in a range of 400 – 2500 nm and is presented in a spectral library. The resulting reflectance data are scaled from 0 - 10000. The two Rare Earth Element (REE) libraries consist of the spectra of 16 rare earth oxides powders (REO) and 14 REE-bearing minerals (REMin). In addition, it contains the spectra of niobium- and tantalum oxide, two elements technically not part of the REEs. The spectral library presented here is part of a bigger collection of spectral libraries including copper-bearing surface samples from Apliki copper-gold-pyrite mine (Koerting et al., 2019a, http://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.1.4.2019.005) and copper-bearing minerals (Koellner et al., 2019, http://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.1.4.2019.003). These libraries aim to give a spectral overview of important resources and ore mineralization.

XRF of Cuttings of the KTB pilot hole VB1

Cuttings were crushed in a tungsten carbide ball mill for 25 min; while core samples were crushed in a tungsten carbide jaw breaker and then processed in the same way as the chip material. The resulting powder samples (max 0.06 mm size) were dried at 105°C, 3 gr selected and mixed with 2.5% Moviol solution and finally pressed under 40 kN into alumina rings. These standardized pellets were used for both, XRD and XRF measurements.For the determination of major and trace elements a fully automated wavelenght-dispersive XRF device (SIEMENS SRS 303 AS) was used in the field laboratory. The standard measuring operation comprised 11 major elements (SiO2, TiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3 total, MnO, MgO, CaO, Na2O, K2O, P2O5, S) and 12 traces (Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Cr, Ni, Zn, V, Cu, Th, U).Element concentrations were calculated by setting up calibration curves computed with more than 40 international natural rock standards.

Geochemical data of melt-bearing impact breccia (suevite) from the research drill core FBN 73 of the Ries impact crater, Germany

This data set comprises XRF (89 samples) and ICP-AES/ICP-MS (12 samples) major and trace element geochemistry of melt-bearing impact breccia (suevite) samples of the research drill core FBN 73 of the Ries impact crater in Southern Germany. The 1,206 m deep drilling in the central part of the Ries impact crater, carried out in 1973 (Bayerisches Geologisches Landesamt 1974), provided insights into the origin and distribution of suevite and into the development of the post-impact Ries lake with redeposited suevitic sediments at its base (Stöffler et al. 2013). The suevite is divided into five sequences, (1) dike suevite 1186-602 m, (2) melt-rich suevite 602-525 m, (3) melt-rich suevite 525-331 m, (4) graded suevite 331-314 m, and (5) reworked suevite 314-257 m (Stöffler et al., 2013 and references therein). The drill core FBN 73 is stored and accessible at the Zentrum für Rieskrater- und Impaktforschung Nördlingen (Centre for Ries Crater Impact Research, ZERIN) and supplies the best available complete profile through the Ries crater suevite. The data are supplementary material to Siegert et al. (2017, http://doi.org/10.1130/G39198.1) and are supplemented by geochemical data of crystalline target lithologies of the Ries impact crater (Schmitt et. al, 2017; http://doi.org/10.5880/fidgeo.2017.001). Averages of two consecutive melt-rich and melt-poor suevite samples are plotted in Siegert, et al. (2017). More information about sample preparation, methodology as well as detection limits, standards used and precision expectations are given in the Explanatory File.

Geochemical data of crystalline target lithologies of the Ries impact crater, Germany

This data set comprises major (XRF) and trace (XRF, ICP-MS, ICP-AES) element geochemistry of 185 samples of crystalline target lithologies of the Nördlinger Ries impact crater in Southern Germany. The sample set was originally collected by D. Stöffler for the investigation of shock metamorphism and Schmitt and Siebenschock for a research project on the occurrence of impact diamonds in the Nördlinger Ries crater. The data are supplementary material to Siegert et al. (2017, http://doi.org/10.1130/G39198.1) and are supplemented by by geochemical data of melt-bearing impact breccia (suevite) from the research drill core FBN 73 of the Ries impact crater (Siegert et al., 2017; http://doi.org/10.5880/fidgeo.2017.002. More information about sample preparation, methodology and precision expectations are given in the Explanatory File. Repository samples and thin sections are available for more or less the whole sample set of Stöffler and selected samples from Schmitt and Siebenschock, and are stored in the impactite collection of the Museum für Naturkunde Berlin.

Hydrochemistry and stable oxygen (δ18O) and hydrogen (δ2H) isotopic composition of surface water and ground water and mineralogy, in the Pra Basin (Ghana) West Africa

The crystalline aquifer in Ghana’s Pra Basin provides water for over 4 million people as many rivers are polluted by artisanal mining. The aim of the data collection was to understand the origin, quality and chemical evolution of surface water and ground water in order to improve the sustainable management of the resource. Here, we present data on major ions, trace metals, stable oxygen (δ18O) and hydrogen (δ2H) isotope ratios of surface water and ground water and mineralogical composition of rock outcrops from the Pra Basin in Ghana. The field campaign took place in March 2020 (water sampling) and August 2021 (outcrop sampling). A total of 34 surface water and 56 ground water samples were collected from rivers, public boreholes (depth >30 m) and hand-dug wells (depth < 10 m), respectively. The water samples were analysed for cations and trace metals using the Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES). The anions were analysed using the Ion Chromatography (IC). For the stable oxygen (δ18O) and hydrogen (δ2H) isotope ratios, a Picarro L-2140i Ringdown Spectrometer was used. The bulk elemental composition of the rock samples was analysed by X-ray fluorescence (XRF). The mineralogic composition was determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) while the Zeiss Axiophot petrographic microscope was used for the petrographic thin section analysis. The data generated from all measurements are provided in a .zip folder consisting of four subfolders. Each folder contains Excel files discussed in the file inventory section.

Geochemical data of impactites of the Ries impact structure, Germany

The Ries impact structure in Southern Germany is one of the best-preserved impact structures on Earth. Melt-bearing impact breccia appears in a variety of well accessible exposures around the inner ring up to 10 km beyond the crater rim (so-called outer suevite) overlying a ballistically ejected lithic breccia (so-called ‘Bunte Breccia’). Occasionally individual melt bombs occur in the ‘Bunte Breccia’. Coherent impact melt rock outside the inner crater is located in the eastern megablock zone (Stöffler et al., 2013 and references therein).This data set comprises major and trace element geochemistry of samples from eight outer suevite exposures, one impact melt rock exposure, and one melt bomb of the Ries impact crater. Two analytical method approaches were performed: i) in-situ analysis using electron microprobe (EMP) and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), and ii) analysis of whole-rock, melt separates, and suevite matrix separates using X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES)/ inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).

Quantitative mineralogy and bulk rock geochemistry of the Kupferschiefer system, Saale subasin, Eastern Germany

The Southern Permian Basin in Central Europe (in Germany and Poland) hosts several sediment-hosted Cu deposits (see Borg et al., 2012). The Cu- and Zn-Pb sulfide mineralization is preserved in the coarse-grained continental siliciclastics of the uppermost Rotliegend (S1), organic matter- and carbonate-rich marine mudstones of the Kupferschiefer (T1) and dolomitic Zechstein Limestone (Ca1). In these datasets, we provide quantitative mineralogical and geochemical data of drill core samples from the Saale Basin in East Germany. The samples include the uppermost Rotliegend sandstone (S1), Kupferschiefer (T1) and lowermost Zechstein Limestone (Ca1), referred as the Kupferschiefer system, from three drill cores (Sangerhausen, Allstedt and Wallendorf). This data publication includes quantitative mineralogy (X-ray diffraction), bulk rock major, minor and trace element geochemistry (X-ray fluorescence and inductively coupled mass spectrometry) and total organic carbon (elemental analyzer).

U-Pb age, whole rock and mineral composition of the Angicos Plutonism (Angicos Batholith and Poço da Oiticica Stock) from northern Borborema Province, NE Brazil

This dataset comprises new chemical, isotopic and geochronological analyses for 14 samples from the Angicos Plutonism (Angicos Batholith and Poço da Oiticica Stock) from northern Borborema Province, NE Brazil. Whole rock major and trace element compositions as well as mineral oxide compositions for feldspars, biotite, and Fe-oxides. New analyses on 14 samples are presented in the bulk and in-situ data templates developed by EarthChem. A compilation of all new analyses and previous whole-rock data from Jardim de Sá (1994) are also provided. Analyses were carried out at the Geoanalítica Core Facility at the Instituto de Geociências, University of São Paulo, Brazil. The data are reported with the EarthChem/ DIGIS data templates (IEDA, 2022).

Geochemistry of sediment core BDP-1-A (BDP93-1)

Major and trace elements in the 100 m drilling core samples from Lake Baikal have been determined by ICP-AES (inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry), ICP-MS (inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry) and INAA (instrumental neutron activation analysis). In this paper, vertical distribution profiles of the determined elements are presented. Raw analytical values will be presented elsewhere. Vertical distribution patterns for Ti, Al, Fe, Mn, Ca and Pare shown in Fig.1. In the bottom surface sample (=the uppermost part of the core), the concentration of Al, Ti, Fe and Ca are relatively low and that of P is relatively high. It may indicate that relative large volume of biogenic organic substances are included in the bottom surface sample. In addition, it seems that the Mn contents are relatively low and its deviation is rather small between 60 m and 90 m from the bottom.

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