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Spectral radiance measurements with the hyperspectral and polarized imaging system specMACS during the HALO-(AC)3 field campaign

During the HALO-(AC)3 campaign, the hyperspectral and polarized imaging system specMACS was integrated into the German research aircraft HALO in a nadir-looking perspective. This dataset contains calibrated spectral radiances in mW/(m2 nm sr) for the shortwave infrared wavelength range between about 1000 and 2400nm measured by the SWIR spectrometer of specMACS. The spectrometer has 320 spatial pixels along a spatial line oriented in across-track direction with a field of view of 35.5 degree and measures at an acquisition frequency of 30Hz. The calibration of the data was performed as described in Ewald et al. (2016). Because of the large size of the data, the calibrated radiances for each research flight were split into different files along the wavelength dimension. Each dataset contains measurements of 20 wavelength channels for the wavelength range given in the file name. Additionally, the dataset includes georeferencing information with viewing zenith and viewing azimuth angles as well as sensor latitude, longitude, and height above WGS84 for every measured pixel as a separate file for every flight. Note that during the first three flights there was some icing of the window in front of the cameras which is visible in the data.

Polarization measurements with the hyperspectral and polarized imaging system specMACS during the HALO-(AC)3 field campaign

During the HALO-(AC)3 campaign, the hyperspectral and polarized imaging system specMACS was integrated into the German research aircraft HALO. This dataset contains videos with measurements of the two polarization resolving cameras of specMACS which measure the two-dimensional distribution of the I, Q, and U components of the Stokes vector at red, green, and blue color channels with an acquisition rate of 8Hz. Both cameras are operated in a nadir looking perspective and have a combined field of view of 91 x 117 degree in along and across track direction. The videos include RGB images as well as images of the degree of linear polarization derived from the measurements.

In-situ airborne measurements of atmospheric and sea surface parameters related to offshore wind parks in the German Bight

Offshore wind parks interact with the marine atmospheric boundary layer and can create long downstream wakes of reduced wind speed and changed turbulence. During the project X-Wakes funded by the German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action (grant number 03EE3008B), 49 measurement flights were performed with the research aircraft Dornier-128 of TU Braunschweig between March 2020 and September 2021, plus additionally 7 flights with the research aircraft Cessna 406 of TU Braunschweig which were done simultaneously with both aircraft. The aircraft recorded in-situ meteorological parameters (wind vector, temperature, humidity) and sea surface properties (temperature, elevation standard deviation). During the 7 additional flights, upward and downward looking pyranometers and pyrgeometers recorded irradiance in the solar and terrestrial wavelength spectra. The flights comprise vertical soundings and straight legs upstream, downstream and above wind parks for different synoptic conditions.

1Hz resolution aircraft measurements of wind and temperature during the ACLOUD campaign in 2017

During the ACLOUD (Arctic Cloud Observations Using airborne measurements during polar Day) campaign conducted in May/June 2017 meteorological data (temperature, horizontal wind components, air pressure) have been measured using instrumentation that was installed at the nosebooms of both aircraft Polar 5 and Polar 6. This dataset presents the 1Hz resolution data. The high temporal resolution data (at 100 Hz) with all wind components are available here: doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.900880). For each flight the data are given as functions of time and position (including height above ground) along the flight tracks. Listed in this repository are all flights beginning with the test flight in Bremen and the Ferryflights to Longyearbyen. All other measurement flights started and ended in Longyearbyen. Each file represents an entire flight starting well before the first movement of the plane and ending after the final parking position has been reached after landing. The wind measurement is only valid during flight and the full accuracy is only achieved during straight level flight sections. The absolute accuracy of the wind components is 0.2m/s for straight and level flights sections. For further informations on the data processing and accuracy of the turbulence measurement refer to Hartmann et al. (2018, doi:10.5194/amt-11-4567-2018). For further information on the ACLOUD campaign we refer to Wendisch et al. (2018, doi:10.1175/BAMS-D-18-0072.1). -- All data are given as decimal values at 1Hz in columns in this order and meaning: UTC - UTC-time in seconds (since midnight) h - height in metres based on WGS84 lon - longitude in degress based on WS84 lat - latitude in degress based on WS84 p - static pressure in hpa gs - ground speed in m/s pitch - pitch angle in degrees roll - roll angle in degrees rh - relative humidity from Vaisala at noseboom T - temperature from PT100, corrected for adiabatic heating u - west-east component of wind speed in m/s, positive towards east v - south-north component of wind speed in m/s, positive towards north tas - true air speed in m/s

High resolution aircraft measurements of wind and temperature during the ACLOUD campaign in 2017

During the ACLOUD (Arctic Cloud Observations Using airborne measurements during polar Day) campaign conducted in May/June 2017 meteorological data (temperature, 3 wind components, air pressure) have been measured in high temporal resolution (100 Hz) using instrumentation that was installed at the nosebooms of both aircraft Polar 5 and Polar 6. For each flight the data are given as functions of time and position (including height above ground) along the flight tracks. All flights started and ended in Longyearbyen, Svalbard. Each file represents an entire flight starting well before the first movement of the plane and ending after the final parking position has been reached after landing. The wind measurement is only valid during flight and the full accuracy is only achieved during straight level flight sections. The absolute accuracy of the wind components is 0.2m/s for straight and level flights sections and the relative accuracy of the vertical wind speed is about 0.05m/s for straight and level flight sections. For these sections, which can be obtained on the basis of the given roll and pitch angles of the aircraft, the 100 Hz data can be used to derive turbulent fluxes of momentum and sensible heat. For further informations on the data processing and accuracy of the turbulence measurement refer to Hartmann et al. (2018, doi:10.5194/amt-11-4567-2018). For further information on the ACLOUD campaign we refer to Wendisch et al. (2018, doi:10.1175/BAMS-D-18-0072.1). -- All data are given as decimal values at 100Hz in columns in this order and meaning: t - UTC-time in seconds (since midnight) lon - longitude in degress based on WGS84 lat - latitude in degress based on WGS84 h - height in metres based on WGS84 p - static pressure in hpa, corrected for the influence of the aircraft T - temperature from PT100, corrected for adiabatic heating u - west-east component of wind speed in m/s, positive towards east v - south-north component of wind speed in m/s, positive towards north w - vertical wind speed in m/s pitch - pitch angle in degrees roll - roll angle in degrees thdg - true heading of the aircraft in degrees

In-situ airborne measurements of atmospheric and sea surface parameters related to offshore wind parks in the German Bight

Offshore wind parks interact with the marine atmospheric boundary layer and can create long downstream wakes of reduced wind speed and changed turbulence. During the project WIPAFF (wind park far field) funded by the German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy (grant number 0325783B), 41 measurement flights were performed with the research aircraft Dornier-128 of TU Braunschweig between September 2016 and October 2017. The aircraft recorded in-situ meteorological parameters (wind vector, temperature, humidity) and sea surface properties (temperature, elevation standard deviation) The flights comprise vertical soundings and straight legs upstream, downstream and above wind parks for different synoptic conditions.

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