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Element concentrations from two benthic chambers and the ambient bottom water during an in-situ incubation experiment in July 2025

The dataset contains major and trace element concentrations measured by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) from water samples collected during a 16-day in-situ incubation experiment in the Baltic Sea (2025-07-12 to 2025-07-29). Samples were collected using an automated glass-syringe sampler deployed within two benthic chambers of a Biogeochemical Observatory (BIGO, Sommer et al., 2009) at 54° 34.432' N, 10° 10.776' E, at 22 m water depth. In one chamber, 29 g of fine calcite powder were added to the bottom water to assess the potential of enhanced benthic calcite weathering as an ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) strategy. Seven samples per chamber and from the ambient bottom water were analyzed to trace elemental changes associated with calcite dissolution.

Nutrient concentrations from two benthic chambers and the ambient bottom water during an in-situ incubation experiment in July 2025

The dataset contains dissolved nutrient concentrations from water samples collected during a 16-day in-situ incubation experiment in the Baltic Sea (2025-07-12 to 2025-07-29). Samples were collected using an automated glass-syringe sampler deployed within two benthic chambers of a Biogeochemical Observatory (BIGO, Sommer et al., 2009) at 54° 34.432' N, 10° 10.776' E, at 22 m water depth. In one chamber, 29 g of fine calcite powder were added to the bottom water as part of an enhanced benthic calcite weathering experiment. Seven samples per chamber and from the ambient bottom water were analyzed to assess potential nutrient fluxes associated with the calcite addition and benthic biogeochemical processes.

Alkalinity concentrations from two benthic chambers and the ambient bottom water during an in-situ incubation experiment in July 2025

The dataset contains total alkalinity measurements from water samples collected during a 16-day in-situ incubation experiment in the Baltic Sea (2025-07-12 to 2025-07-29). Samples were collected using an automated glass-syringe sampler deployed within two benthic chambers of a Biogeochemical Observatory (BIGO, Sommer et al., 2009) at 54° 34.432' N, 10° 10.776' E, at 22 m water depth. In one chamber, 29 g of fine calcite powder were added to the bottom water. Seven samples per chamber and from the ambient bottom water were taken to monitor alkalinity changes resulting from calcite dissolution, providing a direct measure of the ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE)

Mercury and explosive compound 4-aminodinitrotoluene (4-ADNT) in dab (Limanda limanda) caught at munition dumping site Kolberger Heide in the Kiel Bight, Baltic Sea

Dumped munitions contain various harmful substances which can affect marine biota like fish. One of them is mercury (Hg), included in the common explosive primer. Another is 4-aminodinitrotoluene (4-ADNT), an explosive-metabolite. 251 individual dab (Limanda limanda L.) caught at the dump site Kolberger Heide a and nearby reference sites in 2017 and 2018 were analysed. The table contain individual data on Hg, 4-aminodinitrotoluene, age, length, weight, sex and condition factor.

Processed flow discharge data from the Neu Darchau gauging station between 1969 and 2019

The dataset includes processed flow discharge data from Neu Darchau gauging station (Elbe-km 536.4) that provided hydrological information for calculating alkalinity transport potential. The monthly sums were calculated from daily mean discharge measurements from Neu Darchau (station number: 6340110) available from the Global Runoff Data Centre (https://grdc.bafg.de/).

Bottom water chemistry during in-situ incubation experiments on enhanced benthic calcite weathering in July 2025

The data was produced during a 16 day in-situ incubation experiment in the Baltic Sea. In order to assess the potential for enhanced benthic calcite weathering as a ocean alkalinisation and thus negative emissions strategy, a Biogeochemical Observatory (BIGO, Sommer et al., 2009) was deployed at 54° 34.432 N, 10° 10.776 E, at 22 m water depth between 2025-07-12 and 2025-07-29. The BIGO is equipped with two benthic chambers that were lowerd to the sea floor. In chamber two, 29 g of fine calcite powder were added to the bottom water. 7 Samples were taken via an automatted glassyringe sampler from each chamber and the ambient bottom water.

Historical water chemistry monitoring records from multiple stations between 1959 and 2017

Long-term water-chemistry measurements from multiple Elbe River monitoring stations establish a baseline for carbonate-system variability and were used to assess the alkalinity transport potential. The dataset from 1959 to 1977 was digitized from handwritten notes provided by Dr. Mewius (Kempe 1982). The water chemistry data from 1984 to 2017 (e.g., pH, water temperature, and major ions) was obtained from the Fachinformationssystem (FIS) der FGG Elbe (data source: www.fgg-elbe.de, accessed on 2021-02-26).To generate a single river chemistry time series, data from (Zollenspieker (Strom-km 598,7), Geesthacht (Strom-km 585,9), Schnackenburg (Strom-km 474,5), Boizenburg (Strom-km 559,0), Doemitz (Strom-km 505,0), and Hamburg Waterworks (Strom-km ~623,1) were used. Saturation state of calcite and aragonite were calculated using phreeqpython, a Python wrapper of the PhreeqC engine (Vitens 2021) with pH, water temperature, total alkalinity, and major ions as major input, and phreeqc.dat as database for the thermodynamic data (Parkhurst and Appelo 2013).

GDI-SBV: Klassifiziertes Straßennetz Sachsen (DS)

Diese Datenserie beschreibt das überörtliche Straßennetz des Freistaates Sachsen. Darin enthalten sind die Straßenklassen Bundesautobahn, Bundesstraße, Staatstraße und Kreisstraße. Als Datenquelle dient die Straßeninformationsbank TT-SIB des Freistaates Sachsen. Das Straßennetz ist in Netzknoten/Nullpunkte, Abschnitte und Stationen gegliedert. Die Stationierung im Straßennetz erfolgt abschnittsweise von Netzknoten zu Netzknoten, d.h. jeder Abschnitt beginnt an einem Netzknoten bzw. Nullpunkt und endet an einem Netzknoten bzw. Nullpunkt des überörtlichen Straßennetzes. Netzknoten werden am Anfang und am Ende einer Straße, an Schnittpunkten klassifizierter Straßen, an Länder und Bauamtsgrenzen vergeben. Die Stationierung erfolgt in Meter-Abständen. Das Netz wird fortlaufend aktualisiert. Für Kreisstraßen sind die Landkreise bzw. Kreisfreien Städte zuständig. Die Datenabgabe kann dateibasiert (Externe Schnittstelle der TT-SIB (ESS), OKSTRA-Schnittstelle, im MapInfo- oder Shape-Format) erfolgen.

Carbonate chemistry from laboratory incubation experiments using water samples from the Elbe conducted in 2023

This dataset comprises key carbonate chemistry parameters measured and calculated in incubation experiments under different experimental conditions. pH, water temperature, and salinity were measured with a WTW multimeter (MultiLine® Multi 3630 IDS). Total alkalinity was determined by open-cell titration with an 888 Titrando (Metrohm). Saturation state of calcite and aragonite were calculated using phreeqpython, a Python wrapper of the PhreeqC engine (Vitens 2021) with pH, water temperature, total alkalinity, and major ions as major input, and phreeqc.dat as database for the thermodynamic data (Parkhurst and Appelo 2013). As the original Elbe water was supersaturated with carbon dioxide (CO2) with respect to the atmosphere, its partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) level decreased during the incubation period with open flasks, which caused an adjustment of calcite saturation state (ΩC) for ambient air conditions. To adapt for the impact of pCO2 variations during the experiment, saturation state of calcite and aragonite was calculated assuming an equilibrium with an atmospheric pCO2 of 415 ppm (normalized ΩC and normalized aragonite sautration state ΩA). Since ion concentrations were measured for only a small number of samples, the ion concentrations of the remaining samples were reconstructed using stoichiometry based on the initial solution composition and total alkalinity. The concentrations of conservative ions (Na+, K+, Cl-, SO42-) were assumed remain constant, while ions related to carbonate precipitation (Ca2+, Mg2+) were calculated based on changes in measured alkalinity (see Figure 5 of the associated paper). Detailed analysis and calculation procedures are described in the Method section of the associated paper.

Total carbohydrates quantified in sediment cores from coastal vegetated ecosystems

50-cm deep sediment cores were taken in saltmarsh, seagrass, mangroves and unvegetated areas around the German Bight, Malaysia and Columbia in 2022 and 2023. Up to 3 points per ecosystem were sampled along a transect, in total 93 cores were analysed. Carbohydrates were sequentially extracted using MilliQ-water and 0.3 M EDTA for later analyses. The total carbohydrate content was assessed using the phenol-sulfuric acid assay (Dubois et al., 1956). Briefly, 100 µL of resuspended samples or extracts were mixed with 100 µL of 5% phenol solution, followed by the addition of 500 µL of concentrated sulfuric acid. The reaction mixture was incubated at room temperature for 10 minutes, then further incubated at 30°C for 20 minutes. Absorbance at 490 nm was measured using a Spectramax Id3 plate reader (Molecular Devices) and quantified against a glucose standard curve.

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