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Oligozäne und Miozäne Sedimentfolgen aus der Taatsiin Gol und Taatsiin Tsagaan Nuur Region in der Zentral-Mongolei sind von außergewöhnlicher Bedeutung: hier liegen Basalte in Sedimenten der Hsanda Gol- und Loh Formation eingebettet, und die höchsten Fossilkonzentrationen finden sich zusammen mit Caliche und Paläoböden. Im Rahmen von Vorläuferprojekten wurde ein Stratigraphie-Konzept erarbeitet, das auf der Evolution von Säugetieren und auf radiometrischen Basalt-Altern beruht. 40Ar / 39Ar-Datierungen ergaben drei Altersgruppen von Basalten, eine Basalt I-Gruppe aus dem Früh-Oligozän (vor etwa 31.5 Millionen Jahren), eine Basalt II-Gruppe aus dem Spät-Oligozän (vor etwa 28 Millionen Jahren) und eine Basalt III-Gruppe aus dem Mittel-Miozän (vor etwa 13 Millionen Jahren). Das Taatsiin Gol-und Taatsiin Tsagaan Nuur Gebiet ist heute Schlüsselregion für die Oligozän-Miozän Stratigraphie der Mongolei und ist Bezugspunkt für internationale Korrelationen. Im neuen Projekt werden Klimaveränderungen im Oligozän und Miozän der Mongolei und ihre Auswirkungen auf Säugetiergemeinschaften und Lebensräume untersucht. Um diese Ziele zu erreichen müssen zahlreiche stratifizierte Caliche Lagen und Paläoböden beprobt und analysiert werden. Wir erwarten uns von Bodenanalysen und von der Interpretation der Signaturen stabiler Isotopen (?18O, ?13C) Hinweise auf Veränderungen von Paläoklima und Lebensräumen im Untersuchungsgebiet. Die stratifizierten und datierten Säugetierfaunen bestehen aus Amphibien, Reptilien und Säugetieren, wobei Hasenartige, Insektenfresser, Nagetiere und Wiederkäuer vorherrschen. Dieser reiche Fossil-Fundus bietet die Möglichkeit zur Analyse von einstigen Wirbeltier-Gemeinschaften, zu entwicklungsgeschichtlichen Studien und palökologischen Interpretationen. Besonderes Interesse gilt der Entwicklung und Funktion von Gebissstrukturen bei kleinen und großen Pflanzen fressenden Säugetieren. Hier kommen Methoden zur Anwendung (Microwear- und Mesowear-Analysen, Zahnschmelzuntersuchungen, Mikro-CT und 3D-Modellierung), die Rückschlüsse auf das Nahrungsspektrum und auf markante Veränderungen von Lebensräumen in dem untersuchten Zeitabschnitt von mehr als 20 Millionen Jahren erlauben. Die Feldarbeit in der Mongolei und die anschließenden wissenschaftlichen Studien werden in nationaler und internationaler Zusammenarbeit durchgeführt. Von diesen Synergien werden die Mongolischen und Österreichischen Forschungseinrichtungen und alle mitwirkenden Personen stark profitieren.
The CRC806-Database platform is the Research Data Management infrastructure of the SFB / CRC 806. The infrastructure is implemented using Open Source software, and implements Open Science, Open Access and Open Data principles. The Collaborative Research Centre (CRC; ‘Sonderforschungsbereich’ or SFB) is designed to capture the complex nature of chronology, regional structure, climatic, environmental and socio-cultural contexts of major intercontinental and transcontinental events of dispersal of Modern Man from Africa to Western Eurasia, and particularly to Europe (Cited from introductory text on: www.sfb806.de).
The Nam Co Drilling Project (NamCore) aims to retrieve and interpret one of the longest sedimentary records of past climate and environmental changes from the Earth’s “third pole” - the Tibetan Plateau. As a result of vast glacial systems, permafrost, and large lakes, the Tibetan Plateau contributes to the “Asian Water Tower” and feeds river systems (e.g. Brahmaputra, Yangtze) that supply water to almost 2 billion people downstream. By recovering long, continuous sediment sequences from Nam Co, one of the largest and deepest lakes on the plateau, NamCore will help to elucidate how the Asian Monsoon system(s) and the Westerlies responded to changing climate boundary conditions in the past, thereby improving our understanding of future climate change scenarios with socio-economic relevance. Site survey seismic data indicate the presence of more than 700 m of well-layered, undisturbed sediments in the lake depocentre, confirming Nam Co as an ideal natural archive located near the northern boundary of the modern monsoon regime. Scientific drilling operations at Nam Co were carried out in June and July 2024 and, in total, the project drilled 1415.45 m, cored 1175.99 m of sediments and recovered 950.77 m of sediment cores, while reaching a maximum depth of 510.2 m below the lake floor. All datasets provided within the operational dataset (Adolph et al., 202x?) of the ICDP project NamCore (ICDP 5073) include metadata, data and/or images. This document summarizes the explanations of the tables, datasets and images exported from the project database (mDIS NamCore), supplemented by additional information derived from field and laboratory measurements conducted prior to the sampling parties. Furthermore, sampling data from the first three sampling parties are included, and basic definitions of identifiers used within ICDP are introduced.
The presented data consists of radiocarbon ages for a mire (Ladstatt) of the Kleinwalser Valley (Kleinwalsertal), Austria, in the the calcareous Northern Central Alps. The records cover approximately 6200 years and were analysed to reconstruct past mire development, landscape change, human land use, disturbance and pollution and to detect prehistoric metallurgy.
The presented data consists of radiocarbon ages for a mire (Hoefle Mire) of the Kleinwalser Valley (Kleinwalsertal), Austria, in the the calcareous Northern Central Alps. The records cover approximately 6200 years and were analysed to reconstruct past mire development, landscape change, human land use, disturbance and pollution and to detect prehistoric metallurgy.
The presented data consists of low resolution pollen data for a mire (Hoefle Mire) of the Kleinwalser Valley (Kleinwalsertal), Austria, in the the calcareous Northern Central Alps. The records cover approximately 6200 years and were analysed to reconstruct past mire development, landscape change, human land use, disturbance and pollution and to detect prehistoric metallurgy.
The presented data consists of high resolution dry bulk density, accumulation rates and geochemical data (Ca, Pb and Ti) for a mire (Hoefle Mire) of the Kleinwalser Valley (Kleinwalsertal), Austria, in the the calcareous Northern Central Alps. The records cover approximately 6200 years and were analysed to reconstruct past mire development, landscape change, human land use, disturbance and pollution and to detect prehistoric metallurgy.
The presented data consists of high resolution dry bulk density, accumulation rates and geochemical data (Ti) for a mire (Ladstatt Mire) of the Kleinwalser Valley (Kleinwalsertal), Austria, in the the calcareous Northern Central Alps. The records cover approximately 6200 years and were analysed to reconstruct past mire development, landscape change, human land use, disturbance and pollution and to detect prehistoric metallurgy.
The fire regimes of Australia, the most fire prone continent on earth, have been changing during the late Quaternary and up to the present under the influence of a changing climate and vegetation, Aboriginal impact and then by European settlers. Because fire history is an important parameter in understanding palaeoenvironmental conditions in many parts of the world, it has been reconstructed primarily by palynologists using lake cores and traditional tools (visible charcoal), combined with dating (14C, 210Pb, 137Cs) and the reconstruction of the past vegetation (pollen). Quantifying only (microscopically) visible charcoal may reflect charcoal from forest fires which are relatively large in size and structurally sound. However these techniques are less likely to quantify smaller charcoal fractions derived from grasses - probably the main contributor of charcoal in Australias vast savannas and open grassy woodlands. Therefore, we are developing a new methodology to infer past wildfires by using geochemical tools that potentially assess the whole range of fire residues in sedimentary records and that can yield additional information about the vegetation burned. In particular, we propose that a geochemical marker method (benzene polycarboxylic acids (BPCA)) would be capable to detect sedimentary fire residues that are too small to detect with standard microscopic methods. So far, however, these geochemical markers have not been used to quantify fire residues in lake sediment cores, neither have they been cross-compared to the presence of visible charcoal, which is indicative of palaeofires. The proof-of-concept study is conducted at two Australian sites where we would use molecular markers (BPCA) together with other geochemical methods to quantify past occurrences of fire and burned vegetation types. First we screen samples from about 200 depth intervals with a relatively rapid technique (MIR-PLS, mid-infrared spectroscopy with partial least square analysis) to observe major organic and inorcanic properties. Then, an in-depth, and more time-consuming characterization follows on some 20 samples from those sections of the cores, which have been identified by MIR-PLS to show significant changes in charcoal and organic carbon abundance. These sections will be analyzed using more sophisticated molecular scale techniques including the BPCA molecular marker method. (abridged text)
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