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Spatial characterization of the composition of the isotope hydrobiogeochemistry along the Warnow River

A spatial study of the isotopic hydrobiogeochemical composition along the the Warnow River, which drains into the southern Baltic Sea, was carried out. The sampling took place on 29-30 April 2019 from the source up to the estuary. In addition to in situ physico-chemical parameters, surface water was sampled using a telescopic rod and a plastic beaker and preserved for further analysis. Major and trace elements and selected nutrients were measured using an ICP-OES (iCAP, 7400, Duo Thermo Fischer Scientific). Ammonium (NH4) and nitrate (NO3) concentrations were measured using a QuAAtro autoanalyzer system. Chloride (Cl) concentrations were measured by electrical potential difference precipitation with 0.05 M AgNO3. Dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), and δ13CDIC were measured using an isotope gas mass spectrometer (MAT 253) coupled to a Gasbench II. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and δ13CDOC using an Elementar iso TOC cube with Thermo Electron MAT 253 mass spectrometry, δ18OH2O, and δ2HH2O using a CRDS system (laser cavity-ring-down-spectroscopy, Picarro L2140- I). δ34S and δ18O of SO4 using a gas-isotope mass spectrometer MAT253 (Thermo-Finnigan) with EA-Isolink (Thermo-Fisher-Scientific).

Temporal characterization of the isotope hydrobiogeochemistry composition of the Warnow River

A temporal study of the isotopic hidrobiogeochemical composition of the Warnow River, which drains into the southern Baltic Sea, has been carried out. The sampling covered five years (2017-2021) and it was carried out at a site just before the river reaches the estuary. Surface water was sampled by using a telescopic rod and a plastic beaker and preserved for further analysis. Major and trace elements and selected nutrients were measured using an ICP-OES (iCAP, 7400, Duo Thermo Fischer Scientific). Concentrations of NH4 and NO3 were measured using a QuAAtro autoanalyzer system. Dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), and δ13CDIC were measured using an isotope gas mass spectrometer (MAT 253) coupled to a Gasbench II. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and δ13CDOC using an Elementar iso TOC cube with Thermo Electron MAT 253 mass spectrometry, δ18OH2O, and δ2HH2O using a CRDS system (laser cavity-ring-down-spectroscopy, Picarro L2140- I). δ34S and δ18O of SO4 using a gas-isotope mass spectrometer MAT253 (Thermo-Finnigan) with EA-Isolink (Thermo-Fisher-Scientific). 224Ra using a Radium Delayed Coincidence Counters (RaDeCC).

Geochemistry of sediments from Fehmarn Belt area, southern Baltic Sea during cruise EMB238

The geochemical composition of surface sediments and pore waters from the Fehmarn Belt area, southern Baltic Sea, was analyzed in the context of the establishment of exclusion areas for bottom trawling activity. Samples were taken on cruise EMB238 in May/June 2020 using a multi corer or benthic lander device. Besides on-site measurements, further dissolved major and trace elements, dissolved inorganic carbon, nutrients were analyzed in home laboratory. Results are complemented by the analysis of potential microbial gross sulfate reduction rates and the geochemical composition of CNS and extractable sulfur (AVS, CrS(II), and acid-extractable Fe, Zn, Pb, Fe, Mn contents.

Geochemistry of pore waters from Fehmarn Belt area, southern Baltic Sea during cruise EMB238

The geochemical composition of surface sediments and pore waters from the Fehmarn Belt area, southern Baltic Sea, was analyzed in the context of the establishment of exclusion areas for bottom trawling activity. Samples were taken on cruise EMB238 in May/June 2020 using a multi corer or benthic lander device. Besides on-site measurements, further dissolved major and trace elements, dissolved inorganic carbon, nutrients were analyzed in home laboratory. Results are complemented by the analysis of potential microbial gross sulfate reduction rates and the geochemical composition of CNS and extractable sulfur (AVS, CrS(II), and acid-extractable Fe, Zn, Pb, Fe, Mn contents.

Microbial sulfate reduction rates in sediments from Fehmarn Belt area, southern Baltic Sea during cruise EMB238

The geochemical composition of surface sediments and pore waters from the Fehmarn Belt area, southern Baltic Sea, was analyzed in the context of the establishment of exclusion areas for bottom trawling activity. Samples were taken on cruise EMB238 in May/June 2020 using a multi corer or benthic lander device. Besides on-site measurements, further dissolved major and trace elements, dissolved inorganic carbon, nutrients were analyzed in home laboratory. Results are complemented by the analysis of potential microbial gross sulfate reduction rates and the geochemical composition of CNS and extractable sulfur (AVS, CrS(II), and acid-extractable Fe, Zn, Pb, Fe, Mn contents.

Geochemistry of pore waters and microbial sulfate reduction rates in sediments from Fehmarn Belt area, southern Baltic Sea during cruise EMB238

The geochemical composition of surface sediments and pore waters from the Fehmarn Belt area, southern Baltic Sea, was analyzed in the context of the establishment of exclusion areas for bottom trawling activity. Samples were taken on cruise EMB238 in May/June 2020 using a multi corer or benthic lander device. Besides on-site measurements, further dissolved major and trace elements, dissolved inorganic carbon, nutrients were analyzed in home laboratory. Results are complemented by the analysis of potential microbial gross sulfate reduction rates and the geochemical composition of CNS and extractable sulfur (AVS, CrS(II), and acid-extractable Fe, Zn, Pb, Fe, Mn contents.

Geochemistry investigation of beach porewater and streams at the coastline of Wismar Bay (Germany), southern Baltic Sea

Beach porewater and streams at the coastline of Wismar Bay (Germany), southern Baltic Sea were investigated to evaluate the impact of diagenetic element fluxes and different fresh water sources, including submarine groundwater discharge, on the water column of the Wismar Bay (Germany), southern Baltic Sea. Beach porewater at five different sites between 0.4-1.8 m depth was extracted using push-point lances in July-August 2019. In addition, surface waters from four streams draining into the Wismar Bay were sampled at the mixing zone with the Baltic Sea. Both beach porewater and surface waters were analyzed for dissolved concentrations of major and trace elements and selected nutrients using ICP-OES (iCAP, 7400, Duo Thermo Fischer Scientific), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and δ13CDIC by means of Isotope-ratio-monitoring gas mass spectrometry (MAT 253 coupled to a Gasbench II), and δ18OH2O, δ2HH2O using a CRDS system (laser cavity-ring-down-spectroscopy, Picarro L2140- I), and radium isotopes (223Ra, 224Ra) by radium-delayed coincidence counters (RaDeCC).

Geochemistry of surface water of Wismar Bay (Germany), southern Baltic Sea

This investigation was carried out in order to evaluate diagenetic element fluxes and different fresh water sources, including submarine groundwater discharge, on the water column of the Wismar Bay (Germany), southern Baltic Sea. Surface and bottom water samples were collected on board of the RV Littorina (L19-06) and a rubber boat by using a submersible pump in May 2019. The water was pumped through a filter cartridge (1 µM pore size) into barrels. Water samples from the barrels were pumped through manganese-coated acrylic fibers to extract radium (Ra) isotopes (223Ra, 224Ra). The Ra isotopes were measured within 3 and 10 days using radium-delayed coincidence counters (RaDeCC). Subsamples were taken via syringe and filtered (0.45 µM, cellulose acetate disposable filters) for analysis of dissolved concentrations of major and trace elements and selected nutrients using ICP-OES (iCAP, 7400, Duo Thermo Fischer Scientific), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and δ13CDIC using isotope gas mass spectrometry (MAT 253 coupled to a Gasbench II), and δ18OH2O, δ2HH2O using a CRDS system (laser cavity-ring-down-spectroscopy, PICARRO L2140- I).

Geochemistry of sediments from Wismar Bay (Germany), southern Baltic Sea

Short sediment cores were taken at six stations in Wismar Bay, southern Baltic Sea (Germany) in May 2019 using a Rumohr-Lot device. Our aim in this study was to investigate the role of diagenetic element fluxes and different fresh water sources, including submarine groundwater discharge, on the water column in the bay. Porewaters were extracted from the sediment cores by applying the rhizon technique at a resolution between 2 and 5 cm. The porewaters were analyzed for major and trace metals and selected nutrients using a ICP-OES (iCAP, 7400, Duo Thermo Fischer Scientific), total sulphide by a Specord 40 spectrophotometer (Analytik Jena), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and δ13CDIC using an isotope gas mass spectrometre (MAT 253) coupled to a Gasbench II, and δ18OH2O, and δ2HH2O using a CRDS system (laser cavity-ring-down-spectroscopy, Picarro L2140- I). Sediment cores were further sliced at 2 to 4 cm resolution and each freeze-dried solid subsample was analyzed for contents of total carbon, nitrogen, and sulphur using an Elemental Analyzer (Euro Vector EuroEA 3, 052), inorganic carbon using an Elemental Analyzer multi EA (Analytik Jena), total mercury by a DMA-80 analyzer, and HCl-extractable Pb, Mn and Fe using an ICP-OES (iCAP, 7400, Duo Thermo Fischer Scientific).

Geochemistry of pore water from Wismar Bay (Germany), southern Baltic Sea

Short sediment cores were taken at six stations in Wismar Bay, southern Baltic Sea (Germany) in May 2019 using a Rumohr-Lot device. Our aim in this study was to investigate the role of diagenetic element fluxes and different fresh water sources, including submarine groundwater discharge, on the water column in the bay. Porewaters were extracted from the sediment cores by applying the rhizon technique at a resolution between 2 and 5 cm. The porewaters were analyzed for major and trace metals and selected nutrients using a ICP-OES (iCAP, 7400, Duo Thermo Fischer Scientific), total sulphide by a Specord 40 spectrophotometer (Analytik Jena), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and δ13CDIC using an isotope gas mass spectrometre (MAT 253) coupled to a Gasbench II, and δ18OH2O, and δ2HH2O using a CRDS system (laser cavity-ring-down-spectroscopy, Picarro L2140- I). Sediment cores were further sliced at 2 to 4 cm resolution and each freeze-dried solid subsample was analyzed for contents of total carbon, nitrogen, and sulphur using an Elemental Analyzer (Euro Vector EuroEA 3, 052), inorganic carbon using an Elemental Analyzer multi EA (Analytik Jena), total mercury by a DMA-80 analyzer, and HCl-extractable Pb, Mn and Fe using an ICP-OES (iCAP, 7400, Duo Thermo Fischer Scientific).

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