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This dataset describes the physiological temperature response of the intertidal macroalga Vaucheria sp. collected from the Wadden Sea near Sylt, Germany. The dataset provides insights into the thermal sensitivity of respiration and photosynthesis in Vaucheria sp. and can be used to assess physiological limits and potential responses of intertidal Vaucheria sp. to warming in temperate coastal ecosystems. Samples were collected in September 2024 from the lower intertidal zone and cultivated for three weeks under controlled laboratory conditions (15 °C, ~100 µmol photons m⁻² s⁻¹, 12:12 h light:dark cycle) before experimentation. The experiment was conducted in October 2024 in climate chambers at six temperature treatments (16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36 °C). Physiological responses were assessed after 54 h of incubation. Each temperature treatment included four biological replicates. Respiration and net photosynthesis were quantified as oxygen consumption and production using fibre-optic optodes under four irradiance levels (0, 100, 500, 900 µmol photons m⁻² s⁻¹). Oxygen rates were normalised to algal wet weight. Photosynthetic performance was assessed using pulse-amplitude modulated (PAM) fluorometry, including measurements of maximum quantum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm), effective quantum yield (ΦPSII), non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) and rapid light curves.
Adult Littorina littorea were collected from the intertidal zone of Helgoland (North Sea, Germany; 54°11′ N, 7°53′ E) during November 2023 and June 2024 to investigate physiological and behavioral responses to acute warming. After collection, the organisms were transported to the Alfred Wegener Institute in Bremerhaven, Germany, and acclimated for two weeks to season-specific temperatures representative of winter (10 °C) and summer (16 °C) in aquarium systems containing filtered, recirculating, and continuously aerated seawater at a salinity of 33. Animals were fed Fucus vesiculosus ad libitum throughout the acclimation period. Following acclimation, individuals were exposed to a continuous warming ramp from the respective seasonal acclimation temperature to 34 °C at a rate of 1.5 °C h⁻¹. Samples were collected at predefined temperature intervals between 10 and 34 °C for winter-acclimated animals and between 16 and 34 °C for summer-acclimated animals.The dataset contains behavioral, metabolomic, and biochemical measurements obtained from snails at the respective experimental temperatures. Behavioral observations include the time required for antenna extension and the initiation of locomotion. Metabolomic data were obtained from whole-body soft-tissue extracts using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy using the ultra-shielded vertical 9.4 T NMR spectrometer (Advance III HD 400 WB, Bruker-BioSpin GmbH, Germany), with a 1.7 mm triple tuned 1H-13C-15N NMR probe and a Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill sequence (Bruker protocol cpmgpr1d, TOPSPIN 3.5, Bruker GmbH, Germany) with water suppression. Biochemical measurements comprise heat shock protein 70 abundance and catalase activity determined from whole-body tissue homogenates. The data were collected to characterize temperature-dependent physiological and behavioral responses of L. littorea across seasons and to identify thermal thresholds during acute warming exposure.
This dataset describes the physiological temperature response of the intertidal macroalga Vaucheria sp. collected from the Wadden Sea near Sylt, Germany. The dataset provides insights into the thermal sensitivity of respiration and photosynthesis in Vaucheria sp. and can be used to assess physiological limits and potential responses of intertidal Vaucheria sp. to warming in temperate coastal ecosystems. Samples were collected in September 2024 from the lower intertidal zone and cultivated for three weeks under controlled laboratory conditions (15 °C, ~100 µmol photons m⁻² s⁻¹, 12:12 h light:dark cycle) before experimentation. The experiment was conducted in October 2024 in climate chambers at six temperature treatments (16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36 °C). Physiological responses were assessed after 54 h of incubation. Each temperature treatment included four biological replicates. Respiration and net photosynthesis were quantified as oxygen consumption and production using fibre-optic optodes under four irradiance levels (0, 100, 500, 900 µmol photons m⁻² s⁻¹). Oxygen rates were normalised to algal wet weight. Photosynthetic performance was assessed using pulse-amplitude modulated (PAM) fluorometry, including measurements of maximum quantum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm), effective quantum yield (ΦPSII), non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) and rapid light curves.
This dataset contains individual-level growth rate measurements of the blue mussel Mytilus edulis and the Pacific oyster Magallana gigas, collected during a controlled mesocosm experiment in Sylt, Germany (coordinates are included in the dataset). Data were collected over a three-month period, from 29 March 2023 to 26 June 2023. Twelve mesocosms were used: six maintained at ambient temperature and six maintained at +3 °C above ambient. A randomized experimental design was used: six mesocosms contained only M. edulis, while the remaining six contained both species. Observations include shell length and daily shell-length growth rates, total wet weight (including shell) and daily growth rates based on weight. Each mussel was labeled and categorized by size class. Measurements were obtained using digital calipers (The Noble Finn, Model 150 mm) and laboratory balances (Type 00AC, Sartorius AG Göttingen, Germany), as well as handheld multiparameter instruments for water temperature. The dataset provides reproducible, traceable individual-level responses of M. edulis and M. gigas under controlled warming, supporting studies on physiological responses of coastal bivalves to temperature changes.
This dataset contains individual-level measurements of the blue mussel Mytilus edulis collected during a controlled mesocosm experiment at Sylt, Germany. Data were collected over a three-month period from 2 April 2022 to 27 June 2022. The experiment comprised twelve mesocosms, with four maintained at ambient temperature, four maintained at +1.5°C above ambient, and four at +3 °C above ambient. Observations include shell length, shell-length growth rates, and multiple biomass fractions, including total wet weight, wet tissue mass weight, shell-free dry weight, and ash-free dry weight, from which weight-based growth rates were calculated. All measurements were obtained using standard, traceable laboratory and field instruments. The dataset documents individual-level growth responses of M. edulis under controlled warming conditions and provides a reproducible resource for studies on physiological responses of coastal bivalves to temperature changes.
Ovigerous females were collected by scraping from inner Kiel Fjord in July 2018 and kept under control constant temperature room (~19°C) until egg hatching. Newly hatched larvae were reared under combination of different salinity (6 levels, 10–25) and temperature (19 and 23 °C) treatments in order to estimate the salinity threshold and the interactive role of temperature for larval development in Kiel Fjord Hemigarspus takanoi. Experiments were conducted until larvae reached the megalopae stage (last larval stage) or died. The results of such study could give us a primary outlook on the dispersal ability of H. takanoi larvae along the Baltic Sea.
Raw data obtained from stable isotope analysis of δ13C and δ15N in beaks of the squids Gonatus fabricii (Lichtenstein, 1818) and Todarodes sagittatus (Lamarck, 1798) (Cephalopoda: Oegopsida), and primary analyses of these data. Squids sampled in the Baffin Bay, Davis Strait and Nordic Seas (1882-2010) and Iceland, Faroe Islands and Ireland (1844-2023), respectively. The beaks either come from the squids caught as bycatch, or from natural history museums, from stomach contents of predators.
Previous studies with Baltic Sea phytoplankton combining elevated seawater temperature with CO2 revealed the importance of size trait-based analyses, in particular dividing the plankton in-to edible (> 5 and < 100 µm) and inedible (< 5 and > 100 µm) size classes for mesozoopankton grazers. While the edible phytoplankton responded predominantly negative to warming and the inedible group stayed unaffected or increased, independent from edibility most phyto-plankton groups gained from CO2. Because the ratio between edible and inedible taxa changes profoundly over seasons, we investigated, if community responses can be predicted according to the prevailing composition of edible and inedible groups. We experimentally explored the combined effects of elevated temperatures and CO2 concentrations on a late-summer Baltic Sea community. Total phytoplankton significantly increased in response to elevated CO2 in particu-lar in combination with temperature, driven by a significant gain of the inedible < 5 µm fraction and large filamentous cyanobacteria. Large flagellates disappeared. The edible group was low as usual in summer and decreased with both factors due to enhanced copepod grazing and overall decline of small flagellates. Our results emphasize that the responses of summer communities are complex, but can be predicted by the composition and dominance of size classes and groups.
Previous studies with Baltic Sea phytoplankton combining elevated seawater temperature with CO2 revealed the importance of size trait-based analyses, in particular dividing the plankton in-to edible (> 5 and < 100 µm) and inedible (< 5 and > 100 µm) size classes for mesozoopankton grazers. While the edible phytoplankton responded predominantly negative to warming and the inedible group stayed unaffected or increased, independent from edibility most phyto-plankton groups gained from CO2. Because the ratio between edible and inedible taxa changes profoundly over seasons, we investigated, if community responses can be predicted according to the prevailing composition of edible and inedible groups. We experimentally explored the combined effects of elevated temperatures and CO2 concentrations on a late-summer Baltic Sea community. Total phytoplankton significantly increased in response to elevated CO2 in particu-lar in combination with temperature, driven by a significant gain of the inedible < 5 µm fraction and large filamentous cyanobacteria. Large flagellates disappeared. The edible group was low as usual in summer and decreased with both factors due to enhanced copepod grazing and overall decline of small flagellates. Our results emphasize that the responses of summer communities are complex, but can be predicted by the composition and dominance of size classes and groups.
Previous studies with Baltic Sea phytoplankton combining elevated seawater temperature with CO2 revealed the importance of size trait-based analyses, in particular dividing the plankton in-to edible (> 5 and < 100 µm) and inedible (< 5 and > 100 µm) size classes for mesozoopankton grazers. While the edible phytoplankton responded predominantly negative to warming and the inedible group stayed unaffected or increased, independent from edibility most phyto-plankton groups gained from CO2. Because the ratio between edible and inedible taxa changes profoundly over seasons, we investigated, if community responses can be predicted according to the prevailing composition of edible and inedible groups. We experimentally explored the combined effects of elevated temperatures and CO2 concentrations on a late-summer Baltic Sea community. Total phytoplankton significantly increased in response to elevated CO2 in particu-lar in combination with temperature, driven by a significant gain of the inedible < 5 µm fraction and large filamentous cyanobacteria. Large flagellates disappeared. The edible group was low as usual in summer and decreased with both factors due to enhanced copepod grazing and overall decline of small flagellates. Our results emphasize that the responses of summer communities are complex, but can be predicted by the composition and dominance of size classes and groups.
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