Digitale Orthophotos mit einer Bodenpixelgröße von 20x20cm² (ATKIS®-DOP20) werden aus Luftbildern der Befliegungen des Landes hergestellt. Dabei werden durch Umbildung die perspektivischen Verzerrungen der Luftbilder beseitigt und ein Bild mit Parallelprojektion erzeugt, welches einen über die ganze Bildfläche einheitlichen Maßstab hat. In den Orthophotos können somit Strecken und Flächen gemessen werden. Diese Übersicht stellt den Zeitraum der Befliegung dar. -Dieser Datensatz steht ausschließlich bei online-Abruf kostenfrei zur Verfügung.-
Das Projekt "How is the evolution of stratospheric ozone affected by climate change, and how strong is the feedback? (SHARP-OFC)" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität Bremen, Institut für Umweltphysik durchgeführt. One major goal of this project is to analyse updated observational trace gas data together with stateof- the art models (CTMs and CCMs) in order to obtain a better understanding of the interaction between ozone and climate change and the underlying dynamical and chemical processes. The extended satellite, balloon and aircraft observations combined with improved model calculations (CTM and CCM) are used to further reduce the uncertainties in the bromine budget, in particular the contribution from VSLS (very short lived substances) and to further elucidate on the role of iodine in the stratosphere. Furthermore detailed studies on the long-term evolution (trends and variability) of observed stratospheric trace gases with foci on profiles of O3, NO2 and aerosols retrieved from SCIAMACHY are proposed. Future evolution of stratospheric ozone will be investigated using updated EMAC CCM model runs, some of them in combination with an interactive atmosphere-ocean feedback. In addition to issues on the climate feedback on future ozone, particular emphasis will be given to the increasing role of N2O and GHG emissions.
Das Projekt "Die 'Datenbank Arzneimittel in der Umwelt' Aktualisierung für den Zeitraum 2017-2020" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von GWT-TUD GmbH durchgeführt. Weltweit thematisieren zahlreiche Publikationen den Eintrag von Arzneimitteln aus verschiedenen Emissionsquellen in die Umwelt. Um diese enorme Datenmenge zu überschauen initiierte das Umweltbundesamt im Jahr 2014 ein Datenbankprojekt. Im Rahmen von zwei Projekten wurde seitdem die öffentlich zugängliche Datenbank â€ÌArzneimittel in der Umweltâ€Ì (https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/en/database-pharmaceuticals-in-the-environment-0) etabliert (aus der Beek et al., 2016) und optimiert (Dusi et al., 2019) und weltweite gemessene Konzentrationen von Arzneimittelrückständen in der Umwelt, die bis 2016 veröffentlicht wurden, eingetragen. Das Ziel dieses Projektes war die Aktualisierung der Datenbank mit Umweltkonzentrationen von Arzneimitteln, die im Zeitraum 2017 bis 2020 publiziert wurden. Als Ergebnis einer Literaturrecherche wurden während des Projektes 98.246 Umweltkonzentrationen aus 543 Publikationen in die Datenbank eingetragen. Die aktualisierte Datenbank enthält damit derzeit 276.895 Einträge mit Umweltkonzentrationen aus 2.062 Publikationen, gemessen in 89 Ländern. Zusätzlich wurden 632 Publikationen und 196 Review-Artikel für den Zeitraum 2017-2020, die Konzentrationen von Arzneimittelrückständen in der Umwelt thematisieren, zu einer bestehenden EndNote-Literatur-Datenbank hinzugefügt. Im Rahmen des Berichtes wird ein Überblick über die Umweltmatrices in denen Arzneimittelrückstände weltweit gemessen wurden und die am häufigsten gemessen Substanzen gegeben.
Das Projekt "FOREST DRAGON - 3: Forest Ecosystem Mapping within China" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität Jena, Department for Earth Observation durchgeführt. The overall goal of the FOREST DRAGON 3 project is to advance understanding in forest ecosystems mapping within China. In addition, methodological developments towards the synergy of different sensors and techniques are proposed. Furthermore, a profound study will be carried out, in which a Decision Support System (DSS) will be built around web services providing decision-support on the mixture of eco-system services in local to regional scale integrating space and airborne remote sensing data. The eight objectives of the FOREST DRAGON 3 project are 1) the investigation of scaling effects in forest ecosystem mapping with SAR data, 2) the long-term analysis of forest GSV and forest structure over Northeast China based on SAR data, 3) linking forest DRAGON products with existing land use, land cover and/or fire products and 4) the synergy of optical and radar data for mapping forest ecosystems, 5) adapt current forest mapping algorithms to Eastern Russia, 6) adapt current and develop new forest mapping algorithm in Continental Southeast Asia, 7) use the Sentinels-1/2 data for forest map updating, 8) developing a modeling approach for forest services using space data as input for multi-criteria DSS in mountainous forests in China using earth observation. Under-pining the models will be the technology of remote sensing and existing spatial geo-data to establish or/and enhance forest, land cover and landform information. The project will deliver theoretical results as well as wall-to-wall maps of forest parameters for China and neighboring countries. Furthermore, this study will result in a new methodological base for DSS in forest resource management for mountain forest areas in China. This will be pursued through a case study in pilot region(s) in E and NE China.
Das Projekt "Tsunami Risk ANd Strategies For the European Region (TRANSFER)" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Helmholtz-Zentrum Potsdam Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum durchgeführt. The project main goal is to contribute to our understanding of tsunami processes in the Euro-Mediterranean region, to the tsunami hazard and risk assessment and to identifying the best strategies for reduction of tsunami risk. Focus will be posed on the gaps and needs for the implementation of an efficient tsunami early warning system (TEWS) in the Euro- Mediterranean area, which is a high-priority task in consideration that no tsunami early warning system is today in place in the Euro-Mediterranean countries. The main items addressed by the project may be summarised as follows. The present Europe tsunami catalogue will be improved and updated, and integrated into a world-wide catalogue (WP1). A systematic attempt will be made to identify and to characterise the tsunamigenic seismic (WP2) and non-seismic (WP3) sources throughout the Euro-Mediterranean region. An analysis of the present-day earth observing and monitoring (seismic, geodetic and marine) systems and data processing methods will be carried out in order to identify possible adjustments required for the development of a TEWS, with focus on new algorithms suited for real-time detection of tsunami sources and tsunamis (WP4). The numerical models currently used for tsunami simulations will be improved mainly to better handle the generation process and the tsunami impact at the coast (WP5). The project Consortium has selected ten test areas in different countries. Here innovative probabilistic and statistical approaches for tsunami hazard assessment (WP6), up-to-date and new methods to compute inundation maps (WP7) will be applied. Here tsunami scenario approaches will be envisaged; vulnerability and risk will be assessed; prevention and mitigation measures will be defined also by the advise of end users that are organised in an End User Group (WP8). Dissemination of data, techniques and products will be a priority of the project (WP9). Prime Contractor: Alma Mater Studiorum-Universita di Bologna; Bologna, Italy.
Das Projekt "Global Energy Scenario - Energy (R)evolution Update 2012" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, Institut für Technische Thermodynamik, Abteilung Systemanalyse und Technikbewertung durchgeführt. The project focuses on a new update of the global Energy (R)evolution scenario, which has been developed biennial since 2006 (http://www.energyblueprint.info/). The Energy (R)evolution scenario is a global energy scenario based on the assessment of energy demand and supply patterns and the renewable energy potentials available in ten world regions. The normative scenario is developed in a back-casting process, driven by ambitious CO2-reduction targets and the world-wide phasing-out of nuclear energy. The project elaborates supply scenarios for electricity, heat and transport based on renewable energy technologies and their respective technical potentials, actual costs, cost reduction potentials, and technology maturity. The time horizon of the scenario is from 2009 to 2050. The Scenario development includes a review by counterparts from the ten world regions and discussions with the renewable energy industry on the expected market development in the different technology branches. The update of the Energy (R)evolution Scenario will take into account the most recent trends in global energy demand and supply and CO2 emissions. Compared to the previous version, it will provide additional insight in on- and offshore wind energy and into the transport and heat sector, based on new data and information compiled during the last two years.
Das Projekt "Ökoeffizienz der Entsorgung in Bayern, Deutschland und der Schweiz" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von bifa Umweltinstitut GmbH durchgeführt. Im Auftrag des Bayerischen Landesamtes für Umwelt hat bifa den erstmals 2003 durchgeführten Ökoeffizienzvergleich der Entsorgungsstrukturen Bayerns, Deutschlands und der Schweiz erweitert und aktualisiert. Die Ergebnisse aus dem Jahr 2003 zeigten, dass der bayerische Weg zur Gestaltung der Abfallwirtschaft in seiner Ökoeffizienz im Vergleich mit den Entsorgungsstrukturen der Schweiz und dem deutschen Durchschnitt am besten abschnitt. Nach der, im Rahmen der aktuellen Beauftragung, durchgeführten Datenaktualisierung, der Bilanzierung zusätzlicher Wertstoffströme und der Berücksichtigung des Verbots der Ablagerung nicht vorbehandelter Abfälle rücken die Entsorgungsstrukturen hinsichtlich Ihrer Ökoeffizienz deutlich enger zusammen. Die Entsorgungsstruktur Bayerns weist im Vergleich zur Entsorgungsstruktur Deutschlands zwar noch ein geringfügig besseres ökologisches Gesamtergebnis auf, ist aber gleichzeitig mit leicht höheren Gesamtkosten verbunden. Die Entsorgungsstruktur der Schweiz ist etwas weniger ökoeffizient. Die Ursachen dafür sind eine geringere Umweltentlastung im ökologischen Gesamtergebnis, gepaart mit vergleichsweise hohen Entsorgungskosten. Methoden: Analyse und Moderation sozialer Prozesse, Ökobilanzierung und Systemanalyse, Ökonomie und Managementberatung.
Das Projekt "Global Monitoring for Environment and Security (GMES) - GSE Forest Monitoring in Russia (Stage I)" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität Jena, Institut für Geographie, Abteilung Geoinformatik und Fernerkundung durchgeführt. This GSE-FM service option provides a powerful tool for effective forest monitoring and inventory at regional scale using both EO-data and ground based observations. It is especially designed for allocating reliable and up-to-date information over large forest areas. Many regions of the world like wide parts of Russia and the Irkutsk Oblast are covered by vast forests. The countries and administrative regions often have to deal with pressing environmental problems such as frequent forest fires events, illegal logging practices as well as other human activities and natural forest disturbances. Due to the large forest areas, which are often difficult to access or characterized by insufficient infrastructure and severe climate conditions, frequent monitoring of the forest resources is a great challenge. Forest monitoring by the means of ground inventories is rather complicated or even impossible. The use of aerial photographs is also often insufficient and cost-intensive. As a result, forest information available today, often does not correspond to the current situation. This is true for wide parts of Siberia, for example. However, according to their own legislation and to fulfill international obligations up-to-date and reliable information on forest resources are essential. For instance, in order to update the Russian State Forest Account as well as for forest management and monitoring issues an annual update of forest information is obligatory. The use of EO-technologies offers an excellent tool to obtain spatial forest information. Especially for regions covered by vast forest areas the combined use of high and low resolution EO-data is the most promising and cost-efficient strategy. Therefore, this GSE-FM service option follows a two-level strategy: Level 1: Low and medium resolution satellite data are used for operational monitoring of forest changes over large areas caused by fires, cutting, and other natural and human induced disturbances. Territories where significant changes occurred are identified at this level. Level 2: Both high-resolution satellite data and aerial photos are used for a detailed inventory of all candidates registered by the first level observations. Ground truth data (inventory maps, topography, archive EO data etc.) are used in addition.
Das Projekt "Asessing the potential of various instruments for sutainable consumption practises and greening of the market (ASCEE)" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Institut für ökologische Wirtschaftsforschung (IÖW) GmbH durchgeführt. The main objectives are : - to identify, structure and assess instruments addressing and promoting sustainable consumption and greening of the market; - to identify and evaluate best practice examples; - to develop policy strategies for transferring best practices; - to carry out a workshop; - to finalise insights by preparing a guideline for policy makers; - to prepare a scientific report and a summary. After a prephase connected with an internal kick-off meeting, the first phase analyses policy instruments, measures and actions and the gained experiences in WP 2 ' Basic instrumental overview . The instrumental overview is intended to be of a broader nature to collect insights into existing, but also discussed, proposed and/or rejected tools which have lead or could lead to a greening of the markets by addressing supply and/or demand. We will concentrate on promising tools and actions. The gained and collected information will be assessed along certain criteria developed beforehand in WP 3 'Assessment . WP 4 'Best practises and market transformation patterns will bring together the most instructive findings and consider what could be learned from them. The key question behind that approach is to look for the patterns behind successful greening strategies. The second phase is dedicated to the potentials for transferring of the results and their dissemination. WP 5 'Extension and transfer strategies picks up the results of the preceding work. It considers the findings and prepares strategies for the transfer of promising approaches. Results and proposals will be documented and discussed at a one-day workshop (WP 6 'Workshop ) which will collect insights, opinions and experiences of a broader auditorium. The discussion and results of the workshop will be documented and will contribute to the update of the preliminary findings. WP 7 'Dissemination brings together all findings and insights. Here we will prepare guidelines, a report, including a summary. Prime Contractor: Institut für Ökologische Wirtschaftsforschung GgmbH; Berlin; Germany.
Das Projekt "Investigation of the mesopheric OH-Layer via FT spectroscopy and mesospheric models, OHTEMP II" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität Bremen, Institut für Umweltphysik durchgeführt. The mesosphere as the link between space and atmosphere poses still many open questions to atmospheric research. Its dynamics and chemistry influence the stratosphere above the polar caps via down transport in the polar winter. In the proposed work the mesospheric OH layer above Spitsbergen (79?N) will be studied. High spectral resolution measurements by FTS and high altitude resolution measurements by LIDAR will be combined to update and validate a deexcitation model. This is embedded into a mesospheric 2-D-model which will be enhanced and will be used to model the OH layer in the mesopause region, which is part of catalytic destruction chain for ozone. The consequences for mesospheric dynamics and chemistry will be investigated. The bandwidth and the resolution of the FT spectrometer is superior to other spectrometers used to measure OH emissions. The LIDAR provides a very good altitude resolution of the OH distribution. The combination of both measurements and the model will provide new insight into the mesopause region, especially its dynamics above the arctic region.