Zielsetzung und Anlass des Vorhabens: Ziel der letzten Projektphase war es, mit einer Langzeit-Praxiserprobung das zweistufige biologische Verfahren zur Deponiesickerwasserreinigung als Stand der Technik zu etablieren und zu bilanzieren. Nach der Inbetriebnahme des Technikums am Deponiestandort Schöneiche ging es in der zwölfmonatigen Laufzeit des Projektes AZ 14996/04 in den Langzeitversuchen um die Validierung der Laborergebnisse im technischen Maßstab, die verfahrenstechnische Optimierung der Anlage und um eine damit verbundene mögliche Kostenreduzierung des Systems. Darstellung der Arbeitsschritte und der angewandten Methoden: Nach dem ersten Technikums-Probebetrieb wurde eine Reihe von Optimierungsmaßnahmen durchgeführt: - der Umbau des Rohsickerwasserzulaufs, - die Verwendung von Soda statt Bicarbonat für die Ammoniumoxidation in Reaktor 2, - der Einsatz von Membrandosierpumpen mit integrierten Rückschlagventilen für die Zugabe von Soda und Essigsäure, - der Einbau von zusätzlichen Polyurethan-Festbetten zur Vergrößerung der Oberfläche für die Besiedlung mit Mikroorganismen, - die Einstellung des Sollwerts für Reaktor 4 auf einen pH-Wert von 6,5, - ein Update der SPS-Steuerung der Nanofiltration zur freien Programmierung der Spülzyklen, - der Einbau eines Absperrhahns vor den Nanofiltrations-Vorfilter - und die Trennung des Nanofiltrationsablaufs vom Reaktoren-Sammelablauf zur Behälterleerung. Es wurde sowohl Rohsickerwasser der MEAB-Deponie Schöneiche als auch Sickerwasserkonzentrat der Deponie Vorketzin behandelt. Fazit: Wegen der durchgeführten Optimierungsmaßnahmen ist es prinzipiell gelungen, das Schöneicher Rohsickerwasser gemäß Anhang 51 der Abwasserverordnung aufzureinigen. In Vorketzin wurde die organische Belastung über 70% und Stickstoff über 80% reduziert. Nach Rückgang der Calciumfracht sollte es zukünftig möglich sein, mit der Zweistufen-Biologie das Sickerwasserkonzentrat ausreichend zu reinigen, da organische Belastung und Stickstoffgehalt geringer als im Schöneicher Rohsickerwasser sind. Um das Verfahren als Stand der Technik, vor allem für die Behandlung von Sickerwasserkonzentraten, zu etablieren, müssten die Laborvorgaben mit den Erfahrungen des Technikumsbetriebs kombiniert und in einer weiteren Versuchsreihe unter optimierten Bedingungen verifiziert werden.
1. Vorhabenziel Initiierung des Prozesses zur Entwicklung eines Systems zur Bewertung von Ökosystemdienstleistungen (ÖSD) in der RF und anderen Postsjowetischen Staaten (Unterstützung nationaler TEEB-Prozesse in NUS-Staaten). Dabei sollen Akteure aus Wissenschaft, Politik, Verwaltung, Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft einbezogen sowie erfolgreiche Beispiele zur gesellschaftlichen und ökonomischen Inwertsetzung des Naturkapitals in Russland und NUS-Staaten erfasst, analysiert, initiiert und kommuniziert werden. Das Vorhaben will in enger Zusammenarbeit mit russischen Politik- und Wissenschaftsvertretern Anstöße liefern, Leistungen und Werte der Natur genauer zu erfassen und sichtbarer zu machen. Es sollen strategische Vorschläge erarbeitet werden, wie die Leistungsfähigkeit und der Nutzen der Ökosysteme und Landschaften besser in private und öffentliche Entscheidungen integrierbar sind, um langfristig die natürlichen Lebensgrundlagen und die biologische Vielfalt in den Ländern und ihren Regionen zu erhalten. 2. Arbeitsplanung 1: Analyse der Vorarbeiten und Stand der Bewertung von ÖSD in RF/NUS; 2: Entwicklung eines Systems für die Bewertung und das Monitoring von ÖSD in der RF; 3: Erstellung eines Entwurfes (Gliederung) eines möglichen Nationalen Berichtes 'Bewertung von ÖSD in der RF'; 4: Erstellung von Entwürfen einer Gliederung eines möglichen Nationalen Berichtes zur Bewertung und zum Monitoring von ÖSD in einigen anderen NUS-Staaten; 5: Netzwerkbildung.
The challenge: The Integration and new approaches to manage risks in the light of increasing uncertainties require transformation processes in institutional resource regimes and management style. Different approaches have been developed and proposed to deal with this complexity and with the ambition of ensuring a sustainable use of the resource. The failure of governance systems has been identified as being one of the most important reasons for the increased vulnerability of populations to water related disasters. Successful governance in river basin management depends on adaptive institutions that are able to cope with complexity and uncertainty and to face new challenges such as climate change. Project Objectives: Over the past years, the EU has funded several projects that undertook research on specific integrated water resources management (IWRM) issues in case studies carried out on twinned river basins from Europe and from developing countries. The aim of Twin2Go now is to review, assess, synthesize and consolidate the outcomes of these projects in order to make them transferable and applicable to other basins, and to disseminate the project results effectively to relevant authorities, stakeholders and end-users. In order to achieve this aim, Twin2Go will elaborate a methodology that allows comparative analysis and synthesis of the outcomes of the diverse projects. The consolidated outcomes will feed into best practice guidelines for the adoption and implementation of sustainable water resources management plans. All synthesis activities will involve stakeholders from the projects and basins including all relevant levels of target groups and high level decision makers in water policy. Twin2Go will focus its activities on the thematic priority 'adaptive water governance in the context of climate change and cluster past and ongoing twinning projects along their target regions (Latin America, Africa, NIS, South and South East Asia). Methodology: In order to facilitate a comparison of past and ongoing work not only in the selected projects and river basins, but also on the framework conditions (social, economic) within which these projects are performed, a methodology for comparative analysis will have to be elaborated. This methodology is intended to support the comparison between the ongoing projects and/or river basins and synthesise their lessons, which will allow opening new perspectives for water managers and stakeholders in Europe, Asia, Latin America and Africa. Such analyses support what can be called a 'diagnostic approach which develops tools to analyse problems embedded in context and supports the development of context specific solution instead of advocating simplistic panaceas. In the conceptual context, the methodological framework of Twin2Go will fall back on approaches of adaptive management, institutional development, social learning and adaptive governance.
The SibFORD project aims at the development of methods and tools to estimate carbon emissions induced by forest disturbances using Earth observation (EO) techniques in combination with in-situ data and contemporary models, and to improve the understanding of human impacts on the carbon balance in boreal ecosystems through analysis of multi-annual integrated land surface-model / remote sensing datasets. The SibFORD project has been selected for funding within INTAS (The International Association for the Promotion of Co-operation with Scientists from the New Independent States (NIS) of the Former Soviet Union) Thematic Call for Research Project Proposals on 'Earth Sciences and Environment' in co-operation with the European Space Agency (ESA).
General Information: An effective solution for the recycling of old cars, being one of the most urgent problems of the European environment and demanding a joint approach by CCE/NIS and EU countries, must establish a balance between economic (market benefits, disassembly costs, costs of special garbage areas, possibilities to recycle material) and ecological requirements. The car recycling chain must operate on an economic basis, which can only be achieved by a system oriented integrated approach taking all relevant sub-processes of the entire recycling process (dismantling, reconstruction and reprocessing as well as the embedded logistic sub-process) into consideration. However, in order to enable the recycling systems to operate on a commercial basis, it is necessary to considerably improve the technological potentials of different sub-systems within the recycling chain, as well as to fulfil a number of other prerequisites (e.g. standardization aspects, adequate legislative support, appropriate economic models etc.) The car dismantling process, as the initiating process for the whole chain, appears to be the most critical, due to its high labour intensity and very low added value. Presently, this process is still inappropriately structured and the efficiency of the available dismantling technologies is still very limited. The objective of the project is to specify, develop and implement new technological and economic solutions for car dismantling systems which will effectively support the operation of the complete car recycling network valid for both CCE/NIS and EU countries. The project will provide technological improvements and prototype realization in several technology fields: technical subsystems (e.g. drying and test stations for the efficient dismantling of old cars with a high performance/investment ratio), optimal procedures for dismantling of parts and material for economic, ecological and efficient recycling, techniques for re-processing of dismantled material, a computer based information system to support the operation of the recycling plants and an effective information exchange within the recycling network, logistic and economic models for optimal operation of the recycling chain and networks in CCE countries. The basic approach to minimize the development risks is on the one hand, to apply adequate state-of-the-art methods (like CAD, object-oriented SW development methodology etc.) and, on the other hand a system approach ensuring that different aspects will be covered for each of the innovative solutions to be developed. The proposed research is oriented towards the introduction and integration of appropriate technologies in a new application field. The combination of different scientific fields in order to develop effective solutions for a car recycling domain represents one of the main scientific challenges of the project. Prime Contractor: ATB - Institut für angewandte Systemtechnik Bremen GmbH; Bremen; Germany.
Dieses Projekt wird gefördert aus dem europäischen INTAS-Programm zur Intensivierung der wissenschaftlichen Kontakte von europäischen Wissenschaftlern mit Wissenschaftlern aus dem Gebiet der ehemaligen Sowjetunion, d. h. den heutigen Neuen Unabhängigen Staaten (NIS). Im vorliegenden Projekt arbeiten fünf Institute aus der Ukraine, Moldavien, Rumänien und Deutschland zusammen. Der Gegenstand des Projekts ist die Aufbereitung von Rohwasser für die Lebensmittelindustrie in der Ukraine und Moldavien. Hier bestehen insbesondere Probleme in der Entfernung von hohen DOM-Konzentrationen und der Entfernung von mineralischen Komponenten. Die dringlichsten Probleme sind hierbei die simultane Entfernung von Huminstoffen (HS), Trihalogenmethane (THM, Eisen, Mangan, Aluminium, Schwermetalle sowie die Einstellung der Wasserhärte.
Objective: Due to oil recovery and processing and the production of petrochemicals, many places in the Russian Federation are heavily polluted by crude oil components, especially poly-aromatic hydrocarbons, diesel oil and petrochemicals. This is mainly due to the fact that many of the corresponding factories have no modern technologies for industrial waste water treatment. The objective of the present project is to create environmentally sustainable technologies for bioremediation at petroleum contaminated soils and waters and for purification of natural and industrial contaminated waters. This, by the use of newly isolated strains and microbial communities and genetically modified microorganisms, thereby creating innovative ecologically acceptable technologies. To perform this multidisciplinary bioremediation task, the project combines experts from Western European and NIS/CEECs countries in the field of microbiology, biotechnology, biochemistry and molecular biology, as we as a Russian partner from the oil refinery industry. Prime Contractor: Wageningen University, Laboratorum voor Bochemie; Wageningen; Netherlands.
General Information: The objective of the project consists in the finding of new methods for the monitoring of indoor and ambient air quality by using novel types of gas sensors. The project aims to combine the knowledge of partners from EU and CCE/NIS countries in a synergetic research during which a double transfer will take place. The EU countries will transfer modern sensor testing equipment - one set up for routine and response time measurements and one set up for long term measurements - and knowledge about sensor quality requirements, in line with European environmental policy. They also will train young doctoral students of CCE/NIS partners. The CCE/NIS countries will transfer their extensive knowledge about sensitive materials properties and technological methods for obtaining such materials. IPC will ensure the coordination of the project. The gas stations will be constructed in IPC by doctoral students from CCE/NIS partners, under IPC coordination. IPC will train these students in using the gas stations and will transfer all the needed software. IPC will coordinate the change of information between partners and ensure the concentration of their efforts. IPC will also assist the CCE/NIS partners by forming surface spectroscopical studies and testing of their samples. INFM will assist the CCE/NIS partners in their efforts by making bulk spectroscopic analysis of their materials and by coordinating the set up of gas testing stations for long term measurements. The IPTM efforts will concentrate on the study of a new diode-type sensor, which will be operated in the reverse conduction regime. The main advantage of this new sensor will be the control of the sensitivity towards water vapour and reducing gases by means of suitable choice of the reverse applied voltage and of the temperature of operation. The already obtained samples, using tin oxide as sensing material and in a geometry similar to the one of commercial Figaro gas sensors, show stable asymmetric I-V characteristics. IPTM will attempt to use also the materials prepared by SRIPCP and the substrate prepared by AVANGARD. The SRIPCP efforts will go on further to the development of sol-gel technologies for obtaining ceramic sensitive materials on the basis of metal oxides. Sol-gel technique offers a better control of sensors microstructure and a prospective of lowered dimension and as a consequence a low power consumption. It will perform also investigation of the gas-sensitive films to establish the features of the oxide films structure, the electronic states of the elements in the mixed oxide matrix, the character of structure and phase transformation under thermal treatment of oxide films in different gas ambient and the influence of the factors mentioned above on the gas-sensitive properties of the films. ... Prime Contractor: Universität Tübingen, Fakultät Chemie und Pharamazie, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie; Tübingen; Germany.
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