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Raw data of physical oceanography during RV HEINCKE cruise HE663

Raw physical oceanography data was acquired by a ship-based Seabird SBE911plus CTD-Rosette system onboard RV HEINCKE . The CTD was equipped with duplicate sensors for temperature (SBE3plus) and conductivity (SBE4) as well as one sensor for oxygen (SBE43). Additional sensors such as a WET Labs C-Star transmissometer, a WET Labs ECO-AFL fluorometer (FLRTD) and an altimeter (Teledyne Benthos PSA-916) were mounted to the CTD. The data was recorded using pre-cruise calibration coefficients. No correction, post-cruise calibration or quality control was applied. Processed profile data are available via the link below.

Continuous thermosalinograph oceanography along RV HEINCKE cruise track HE651

Raw data acquired by a thermosalinograph (SBE21, SeaBird GmbH) on board RV HEINCKE were processed to receive a calibrated and validated data set of seawater temperature and salinity. Data were downloaded from DAVIS SHIP data base (https://dship.awi.de) with a resolution of 1 sec. The SBE21 was equipped with an additional external temperature sensor (SBE38, Sea-Bird GmbH). Raw data are converted to temperature and conductivity values using the calibration coefficients from the calibration before deployment. However, data can only be finally processed after replacement and renewed calibration because correction values for the sensor drift can only be obtained by the post cruise calibration. The thermosalinograph on board RV HEINCKE is exchanged about once a year and calibration procedures are conducted after every exchange. Salinity was calculated according to the instructions from the Practical Salinity Scale PSS-78 using the obtained internal temperature and conductivity data. Processed data are provided as 1min means of salinity and seawater temperature aligned with position data taken from master track of the respective cruise. Quality flags are appended according to the SeaDataNet Data Quality Control Procedures (version from May 2010).

Continuous thermosalinograph oceanography along RV HEINCKE cruise track HE634

Raw data acquired by a thermosalinograph (SBE21, SeaBird GmbH) on board RV HEINCKE were processed to receive a calibrated and validated data set of seawater temperature and salinity. Data were downloaded from DAVIS SHIP data base (https://dship.awi.de) with a resolution of 1 sec. The SBE21 was equipped with an additional external temperature sensor (SBE38, Sea-Bird GmbH). Raw data are converted to temperature and conductivity values using the calibration coefficients from the calibration before deployment. However, data can only be finally processed after replacement and renewed calibration because correction values for the sensor drift can only be obtained by the post cruise calibration. The thermosalinograph on board RV HEINCKE is exchanged about once a year and calibration procedures are conducted after every exchange. Salinity was calculated according to the instructions from the Practical Salinity Scale PSS-78 using the obtained internal temperature and conductivity data. Processed data are provided as 1min means of salinity and seawater temperature aligned with position data taken from master track of the respective cruise. Quality flags are appended according to the SeaDataNet Data Quality Control Procedures (version from May 2010).

Entwicklung der Fehlerschätzungsmethode für Datenassimilation für allgemeine Ozean-Zirkulationsmodelle

Die 4D-Var Datenassimilation (4D-var DA) ist eine spezielle Methode, die zur Initialisierung von Klima- und Wettervorsagen durch die Schätzung von Klimamodellparametern benutzt wird, in dem Modelle an beobachtende Daten angepasst werden. Aus verschiedenen Gründen führen DA unvermeidliche methodische Fehler ein, die sich auf die Genauigkeit der Modellvorhersagen auswirken. Aktuelle Methoden zur Fehlerkorrektur brauchen erhebliche Computerressourcen. Dies ist ein Grund, warum die Verwendung dieser Methoden in der Klimamodellierung begrenzt ist und sie nur in vereinfachten Versionen angewandt werden. Die Entwicklung einer konzeptuell neuartigen, robusten und effizienten, nichtlinear-variationellen Fehlerschätzungsmethode (NOVFEM) ist Ziel dieses Projekts. Diese Methode wird Fehler von DA Methoden schätzen und die notwendigen Korrekturen bestimmen. Im Besonderen ist es geplant, VOVFEM im Rahmen einer Anwendung in Klimavorhersagesystemen zu entwickeln. Der Vorteil der vorgeschlagenen Methode ist, dass der Algorithmus auf einer abstrakten mathematischen Formulierung basiert und deshalb in vielen geophysikalischen Bereichen angewandt werden kann. Eine weitere Innovation dieses Projekts ist die Entwicklung einer Methode zur schnellen und einfachen Berechnung von inversen Kovarianzmatrizen, die z. B. Anwendung in DA finden. Die vorgeschlagenen Methode ist im Vergleich mit existieren Methoden effizienter. Es wird erwartet, dass die theoretischen Ergebnisse dieses Projekt national und international veröffentlicht werden und ein freier Zugang zur NOVFEM Software wird bereitgestellt werden.

Physical oceanography during RV SENCKENBERG cruise SE202203-1

Data presented here were collected during the cruise SE202203-1 with RV Senckenberg from Neuharlingersiel, Germany to Neuharlingersiel, Germany (March, 14th, 2022 to March 18th, 2022). In total, 33 vertical deep CTD-hauls were conducted. The CTD system used was a Sea-Bird Electronics Inc. SBE 19plus V2 probe (SN 7245). The CTD was attached to a SBE 55 Carousel Water Sampler (SN 5571979-0100) containing 6 4-liter Ocean Test Equipment Inc. bottles. The system was equipped with additonally an altimeter (Benthos, SN 4711), and a double chlorophyll fluorometer (SCUFA Turner, SN 0773). The sensors were pre-calibrated by the manufacturers. Data were recorded with the Seasave V 7.26.7.107 software and processed using the SeaBird SBE Data Processing. Data were converted, filtered, loop edited and bin averaged (size 0.25 m) and also visually checked. The ship position was derived from a trimble DGPS-system linked to the CTD data. The time zone is given in UTC. For more details on post-processing see the CTD processing report attached. Raw data on request.

Continuous thermosalinograph oceanography along RV ALKOR cruise track AL644

Underway temperature and salinity data was collected along the cruise track with a SBE21 thermosalinograph (TSG) together with a SBE38 Thermometer. Both systems worked throughout the cruise. While temperature is taken at the water inlet in about 4 m depth, salinity is calculated within the interior TSG from conductivity and interior temperature. No temperature validation was performed. Salinity was validated with independent water samples taken at the water inlet. For details to all processing steps see Data Processing Report.

Raw data of physical oceanography during RV HEINCKE cruise HE662

Raw physical oceanography data was acquired by a ship-based Seabird SBE911plus CTD-Rosette system onboard RV HEINCKE . The CTD was equipped with duplicate sensors for temperature (SBE3plus) and conductivity (SBE4) as well as one sensor for oxygen (SBE43). Additional sensors such as a WET Labs C-Star transmissometer, a WET Labs ECO-AFL fluorometer (FLRTD) and an altimeter (Teledyne Benthos PSA-916) were mounted to the CTD. The data was recorded using pre-cruise calibration coefficients. No correction, post-cruise calibration or quality control was applied. Processed profile data are available via the link below.

Continuous thermosalinograph oceanography along RV POLARSTERN cruise track PS143/1

Raw data acquired by two SBE21 thermosalinograph and two auxiliary SBE38 temperature sensor (Sea-Bird Scientific, USA) installed in an underway seawater flow-through system on board RV Polarstern were processed to yield a calibrated and validated data set of temperature and salinity along the cruise track. Data were downloaded from DAVIS SHIP data base (https://dship.awi.de) at a resolution of 1 sec, and converted to temperature and conductivity using the pre-deployment factory calibration coefficients. The converted data were averaged to 1 min values, outliers were removed, and sensor drift was corrected using coefficients obtained from a post-season calibration performed at Sea-Bird at the end of the measurement season. Salinity was calculated from internal temperature, conductivity and pressure according to the PSS-78 Practical Salinity Scale. Processed data are provided as 1 min means of seawater temperature, conductivity and salinity, aligned with position data taken from the master track. Quality flags are appended according to the SeaDataNet Data Quality Control Procedures (version from May 2010). More details are described in the attached processing report.

Continuous thermosalinograph oceanography along RV ALKOR cruise track AL639

Underway temperature and salinity data was collected along the cruise track with a SBE21 thermosalinograph (TSG) together with a SBE38 Thermometer. Both systems worked throughout the cruise. While temperature is taken at the water inlet in about 4 m depth, salinity is calculated within the interior TSG from conductivity and interior temperature. No temperature validation was performed. Salinity was validated with independent water samples taken at the water inlet. For details to all processing steps see Data Processing Report.

Raw data of physical oceanography during RV HEINCKE cruise HE669

Raw physical oceanography data was acquired by a ship-based Seabird SBE911plus CTD-Rosette system onboard RV HEINCKE. The CTD was equipped with duplicate sensors for temperature (SBE3plus) and conductivity (SBE4) as well as one sensor for oxygen (SBE43). Additional sensors such as a WET Labs C-Star transmissometer, a WET Labs ECO-AFL fluorometer (FLRTD) and an altimeter (Teledyne Benthos PSA-916) were mounted to the CTD. The data was recorded using pre-cruise calibration coefficients. No correction, post-cruise calibration or quality control was applied. Processed profile data are available via the link below.

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