In dem Flyer wir beschrieben, wie mit schwerkranken Füchsen in der Schonzeit, umgegangen werden muß.
Das Projekt "The global continental water balance using GRACE spaceborne gravimetry and high-resolution consistent geodetic-hydrometeorological data analysis - Phase 1-3" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität Stuttgart, Geodätisches Institut durchgeführt. GRACE gravity measurements provide a direct measure of water storage changes over continents. As such, it enables---for the first time---to close the continental water balance on large scales, and a direct determination of actual evapotranspiration---the unknown component of water balance---from terrestrial precipitation and run-off measurements on large scales. Atmospheric moisture flux offers another independent way of determining water storage changes, where there is no need for evapotranspiration information. This allows for a mutual inter-comparison of data from three independent disciplines and an evaluation of hydrological and atmospheric models. Thus the overall objectives of the project are 1. the direct analysis of large-scale water balances, and 2. the quantification of related uncertainties for large catchment areas in different climatic zones. In order to achieve consistent water balances, the mass change rates from GRACE, hydrology, and hydrometeorology have to be evaluated with respect to natural fluctuations and intrinsic errors. Statistical investigations are needed to characterize the respective contributions. Current results: Mass change estimates from GRACE are more accurate for large catchments (deeper 250,000 sq. km.) than for small catchments. 1. Vertically integrated moisture flux divergences from regional and global atmospheric models provide valuable constraints for estimating mass changes from GRACE. 2. A comparison of GRACE with hydrology datasets indicates that there is a sizeable amount of outliers in GRACE. These outliers have to be removed before any analysis can be done with the GRACE data. 3. Satellite RADAR altimetry provides estimates of runoff from catchments, where in situ measurements are not available, which helps in the validation and evaluation of GRACE derived mass change estimates.
Das Projekt "Sea Ice Deformation Mapping by Means of Synthetic Aperture Radar" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung - Fachbereich Klimawissenschaften durchgeführt. A concept that utilizes parameters retrieved from synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery will be devised in order to evaluate the atmospheric drag coefficient of sea ice. Methods will be developed for mapping and quantifying sea ice surface structure and deformation (e. g. floe size distribution, ridge spacing) from radar data. Considering that different SAR systems will be launched into space in the near future, the proposed investigations consider the effect of radar frequency, polarization, and spatial resolutions on the parameter retrieval. Retrieval methods and their accuracy will be assessed. Potential correlations between SAR backscatter variations, retrieved parameters related to sea ice deformation and surface structure, and the atmospheric drag coefficient will be analysed. The utilization of the retrieved parameters will be tested in numerical simulations of atmospheric boundary layer processes. Quantitative information about the sea ice surface structure and deformation is also of use for modelling sea ice dynamics, estimating sea ice mass balance, classifying ice types, and for safety and efficiency of marine transport and offshore operations.
Das Projekt "The global continental water budget using GRACE spaceborne gravimetry and high- resolution consistent geodetic-hydrometeorological data analysis" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Sondervermögen Großforschung, Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung - Atmosphärische Umweltforschung (IMK-IFU) durchgeführt. GRACE gravity measurements provide a direct measure of water storage changes over continents. Thus, this novel technique enables for the first time to close the continental water balance on large scales. We propose to use GRACE gravimetry to directly determine large scale actual evapotranspiration from ground-based measurements of precipitation and discharge on large basins. The project will also provide a previously not available direct determination of atmospheric moisture fluxes on large basins from storage changes and discharge. As such, it enables a novel evaluation of atmospheric model data. However, the anisotropic error structure of conventional GRACE products is limiting their utility even for the largest basins available. Hydrological quasi-signals appear in areas, e.g. deserts, where no signal exists. To this end, we develop a new approach to GRACE error modelling, that makes use of known mass changes and their uncertainties, derived from hydrological constraints for selected areas, e.g. with negligible inputs (deserts) or with negligible evapotranspiration (snow/ice -, high altitude regions). This strategy allows for a correction of the gravity signal beyond the conventional de-aliasing procedures and thus an improvement of resolution in terms of space, time and mass. The close interdisciplinary collaboration will ensure the establishment of GRACE as a reliable hydrological sensor. Our investigations of the characteristics of both the large scale actual evapotranspiration and the atmospheric moisture flux enable us to predict discharge from ungauged basins and to evaluate the corresponding uncertainty by use of GRACE data. The global coverage of data from gauged and ungauged basins will hence lead to an improved determination of the global continental and the respective atmospheric water budget with a minimum of model assumptions.
Das Projekt "Chemische Fernorientierung bei Parasitoiden samenfressender Wirte: Signale, Reichweite der Signale und Mechanismen der Fernorientierung" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität Hohenheim - Institut für Zoologie durchgeführt. Die Untersuchung der chemischen Signale multitrophischer Systeme stellt momentan einen Schwerpunkt der ökologischen Forschung dar. Allerdings gibt es bislang kaum Untersuchungen für tritrophische Systeme aus Samen, samenfressenden Insekten und deren natürlichen Feinden, z.B. Parasitoiden. Im Rahmen des geplanten Projektes sollen erstmals für ein solches System die chemischen Signale identifiziert werden, die von Samen (bzw. Körnern) abgegeben werden und von Parasitoiden bei der Wirtssuche genutzt werden. Die Ergebnisse sollen die Aufmerksamkeit auf die bislang vernachlässigte Chemische Ökologie dieser Systeme lenken und die Grundlage für weitere Arbeiten in diesem Bereich schaffen. Darüber hinaus sollen an dem untersuchten System exemplarisch erstmals die Verhaltensweisen von Parasitoiden bei der Fernorientierung in Abwesenheit von Luftbewegungen analysiert und der sogenannte active space von chemischen Signalen unter diesen Bedingungen theoretisch und experimentell bestimmt werden. Die Ergebnisse des Projektes werden zum grundlegenden Verständnis multitrophischer Systeme beitragen und sind in der Biologischen Schädlingsbekämpfung von Bedeutung, z.B. bei der Festlegung der Anzahl und Abstände von Freilassungsorten von Parasitoiden.
Das Projekt "SOLATERM - Promotion of a New Generation of Solar Thermal Systems in the Mediterranean Partner Countries (MPC)" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) GmbH durchgeführt. The Mediterranean Partner Countries of the European Union are confronted with a rapidly increasing energy demand caused by a growing population especially in cities and increasing living standards. The region has a great potential for the use of renewable energies, notably solar energy due to its high level of solar radiation. However, only a small variety of solar thermal technologies is used in the region. The state of technology and the political support mechanisms vary strongly across the region and in relation to the EU countries, where new solar thermal applications for water and space heating as well as cooling are developed. SOLATERM is an EU-funded project that brings together research institutions, energy agencies, authorities and enterprises from EU and the Southern Mediterranean partners. The project consortium with partners from eight Southern Mediterranean and five EU countries has the aim of promoting the application of a new generation of solar thermal systems in the Mediterranean partner countries. SOLATERM combines the technological know-how of EU research institutions with the specific experiences and knowledge of the Southern Mediterranean partners. The EU partners provide important experiences in developing a successful political framework to boost the use of renewable energy.
Das Projekt "Identifying the Predominant Sources of Atmospheric Dust to the Antarctic using Peat Cores from Ombrotrophic Sphagnum Bogs in Patagonia" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität Heidelberg, Institut für Umwelt-Geochemie durchgeführt. Antarctic ice cores document considerable variation in the fluxes of atmospheric soil dust, volcanic ash particles, and trace metals, but the records are incomplete and the predominant sources of these aerosols are poorly characterised with respect to space and time. Ombrotrophic peat bogs are excellent archives of most atmospheric particles and a wide range of trace metals, and are abundant in Tasmania, New Zealand and Patagonia. The study proposed here will represent the first complete, long term (13.000 yr), high resolution reconstruction of atmospheric dust and trace metal deposition for the southern hemisphere. Conservative, lithogenic trace metals (Ti, Y, Zr, Hf, REE) will be used to quantify the changing rates of atmospheric soil dust deposition, and the ration of these elements to Sc will document changes in mineralogy and particle size. Lead and Sr isotope data will be used to identify changes in predominant dust source areas which will provide new insight into Holocene climate change in the southern hemisphere. Arsenic, Ag, Cd, Sb and Pb will be used to estimate anthropogenic contributions to the metal fluxes. In addition, trace elements supplied by volcanoes will be identified using changes in Au and Bi concentrations, and cosmogenic dust using Os and Ir. These new terrestrial records will complement the existing trace metal and dust records from Antarctica snow and ice archives, and fill in a number of important research gaps.
Das Projekt "Global Land Ice Measurements from Space - Antarctic Peninsula (GLIMS)" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität Freiburg, Institut für Umweltsozialwissenschaften und Geographie, Professur für Physische Geographie durchgeführt. The international project 'Global Land Ice Measurements from Space' (GLIMS) establishes a complete remote sensing based inventory of the glaciers of the world. Glacial changes are indicators of changes in regional and global climate. GLIMS' mission to establish a global inventory of ice will provide the community with data for later comparison. Monitoring glaciers across the globe and understanding not only the cause of those changes, but the effects, will lead us to a greater understanding of global change and its causes. IPG Freiburg is the Regional Center for the Antarctic Peninsula within GLIMS.
Das Projekt "CEDIM-Projekt: Hochwasserregionalisierung Sachsen" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Helmholtz-Zentrum Potsdam Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum durchgeführt. Durch die kurze Zeitreihen von Abflusszeitreihen und die wenige darin enthaltenen Extremereignissen ergeben sich große Unsicherheiten bei der Abschätzung von Hochwasserereignissen mit einem Wiederkehrintervall größer als 100 Jahren. Für die Ermittlung von seltenen Hochwässern sollte die lokale Hochwasserstatistik an einem Pegel daher durch zusätzliche Informationen gestützt werden. Eine Variante besteht in der Ermittlung von zusätzlichen Stützstellen im Extrapolationsbereich. Diese Stützstellen können durch obere Grenzen von bislang in vergleichbaren Klimaregionen beobachteten Hochwasserabflüssen bereitgestellt werden. Die Regionalisierung von Hochwasserkenngrößen ist eine weitere Methode, um zusätzliche Informationen zu erhalten. Nach dem Prinzip 'trading space for time wird bei einer Hochwasserregionalisierung die limitierte Abflussmessreihe an einem Pegel durch die Hinzunahme von Zeitreihen von benachbarten Pegeln aus einer vergleichbaren hydrologischen Region erweitert. Mit der Methode der Hochwasserregionalisierung können ausgewählte Hochwasserquantile auf unbeobachtete Gebiete übertragen werden. Forschungsziele: Abschätzung von oberen Grenzen durch die Anwendung von empirischen und probabilistischen Hüllkurven; Integration der oberen Grenzen in die Hochwasserstatistik; Entwicklung und Anwendung eines Regionalisierungsansatzes basierend auf Prozesstypen; Ermittlung von ausgewählten Hochwasserquantilen für alle Gemeinden in Sachsen.
Das Projekt "Litebus-Modular Lightweight Sandwich Bus Concept" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Technische Universität Clausthal, Institut für Polymerwerkstoffe und Kunststofftechnik durchgeführt. Objective: Increasing awareness by the public opinion about environmental issues, energy and material conservation at all stages of product life (from raw materials to disposal/recycling) is putting the industry in general and the transport industry in particular under increased pressure to reduce CO2 emissions and save energy. Environmental protection and safety will be increasingly influenced by legislation. The European transport industry is estimated to generate 22 percent of the carbon dioxide emission. As the car population is expected to grow 40 percent by the year 2010 new tough targets for reducing emissions by 30 percent in 2010 are being set by the EU, against the state of the art technologies of 1995. It is generally agreed by the industry that reductions of this size will require a change in current technologies. Multi-material technology (sandwich and/or hybrid materials) is becoming increasingly important in new vehicle design. Public service vehicles (buses and coaches) are regarded as primary targets for application of sandwich construction and multi-materials. Public service vehicles (PSV) play a major role in the transportation industry of both industrialized and developing countries. The proposed project will be focused on the development of a novel technology to manufacture bus/coach bodies using sandwich multi-material panels. The main overall objectives of the project are: - Solving the problem of reducing weight and production costs of land transport vehicles through the development of a technology of modular bus/coach construction, using 'all composite' multi-material sandwich panels instead of steel/aluminium space frame lined with sheets of different materials. - Devise design methodologies that reduce production lead time through reduction of number of components, functional integration, and allowance for dismantling, easy repair and recycling. Primce Contractor: INEGI - Instituto de Engenharia Mecanica e Gestao Industrial, Leca do Balio, Portugal.