Grassland mowing dynamics (i.e. the timing and frequency of mowing events) have a strong impact on grassland functions and yields. As grasslands in Germany are managed on small-scale units and grass grows back quickly, satellite information with high spatial and temporal resolution is necessary to capture grassland mowing dynamics. Based on Sentinel-2 data time series, mowing events are detected throughout Germany and annual maps of the grassland mowing frequency generated. The grassland mowing detection approach operates per pixel, including preprocessing of the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) time series and a calibrated rule-based grassland mowing detection which is specified in more detail in Reinermann et al. 2022, 2023.
In cereal breeding, optimal adaptation to a given environment and subsequently high yield potential is mainly determined by the time of flowering. Time to flowering, however, is commonly affected by a complex interplay between three determinants: photoperiodic and vernalization requirements as well as the intrinsic capability of a cultivar/genotype to flower. The intrinsic capability to flower early is also called 'earliness per se'. Here we would like to investigate an earlyheading mutant from diploid einkorn wheat (T. monococcum L.), line KT3-5, which possesses a single major recessive earliness per se (eps) locus on the very distal end of the long arm of chromosome 3A. During the proposed project we will (i) perform detailed phenotypic analyses and high-resolution genetic mapping of the early-heading mutant KT3-5 in diploid einkorn wheat, (ii) identify and isolate novel grass-specific genes/proteins which affect early spike development, controlling flowering time and spikelet number, and (iii) study the expression pattern, tissue-specificity and function of candidate gene(s) during early spike development. The molecular isolation of genes involved in early spike development will make an important contribution to future fine-tuning of flowering time in small grain cereal crops by providing a better understanding of the developmental genetic processes underlying heading time and spikelet number in wheat and related grasses.
Das havellaendische Obstanbaugebiet ist durch gravierende Eingriffe in das oekologische Gefuege gekennzeichnet. Die seit 1990 eingetretenen Veraenderungen waren Anlass, Untersuchungen zur Wiederherstellung einer artenreichen Flora und Fauna einzuleiten. Seit 1992 werden in der Gemarkung ein Beispiel fuer aktive Landschaftspflege und -gestaltung sowie ein Lehr- und Versuchsgebiet fuer Niederwild- und Naturschutzaufgaben geschaffen. Im Rahmen aktiver Biotopgestaltung und nach einem Landschaftsplan-Entwurf wurden umfangreiche Feldgehoelze angelegt (standorttypische Gehoelzarten) und Stillegungsflaechen mit Graeser/ Kraeutermischungen bestellt. Es erfolgten die Renaturierung eines Feuchtgebietes, die Erhaltung und Umgestaltung von Obstanlagen/Streuobstwiesen, die Anlage von Lesesteinhaufen und Benjeshecken, die Aufzucht und Wiedereinbuergerung der Rebhuehner. Als Weiser fuer die Wirksamkeit der Massnahmen dienen die Ergebnisse von Zaehlungen spezieller Niederwildarten mit Indikatorwert.
Bamboos (Poaceae) are widespread in tropical and subtropical forests. Particularly in Asia, bamboos are cultivated by smallholders and increasingly in large plantations. In contrast to trees, reliable assessments of water use characteristics for bamboo are very scarce. Recently we tested a set of methods for assessing bamboo water use and obtained first results. Objectives of the proposed project are (1) to further test and develop the methods, (2) to compare the water use of different bamboo species, (3) to analyze the water use to bamboo size relationship across species, and (4) to assess effects of bamboo culm density on the stand-level transpiration. The study shall be conducted in South China where bamboos are very abundant. It is planned to work in a common garden (method testing), a botanical garden (species comparison, water use to size relationship), and on-farm (effects of culm density). Method testing will include a variety of approaches (thermal dissipation probes, stem heat balance, deuterium tracing and gravimetry), whereas subsequent steps will be based on thermal methods. The results may contribute to an improved understanding of bamboo water use characteristics and a more appropriate management of bamboo with respect to water resources.
Es handelt sich um eine Mischhalde aus Steinsalz, Gips (und Anhydrit) und Kieserit. Da die Chloride bis zu 2 m Tiefe fast vollstaendig ausgewaschen sind, besteht die Haldenoberflaeche zum ueberwiegenden Teil aus Gips (Anhydrit). Nur vereinzelt steht Bittersalz an der Oberflaeche an. Die Sukzession im Einflussbereich der Halde wird untersucht. Bei Versuchsansaaten, Pflanzungen, u.a. von Landreitgras und Duenenpflanzen, konnten erste Begruenungserfolge verzeichnet werden. Forschungsschwerpunkt ist die Foerderung der natuerlichen Besiedlung der Rueckstandshalde durch krautige Pflanzen, Graeser und Gehoelze auf grosser Flaeche.
The research interests of our group are in two areas of Spatial Information Science: 1) spatial decision support techniques and 2) human-computer interaction in collaborative spatial decision making and problem solving. In the area of spatial decision support techniques we aim at supporting people (individuals, groups and organizations) in solving spatial decision problems by addressing three fundamental steps of decision process: intelligence, design, and choice. The focal research problems here are: - Idea generation tools including structured diagramming and cartographic visualization (2D, 3D) supporting 'spatial thinking' and the identification of value-objective-attribute hierarchies; - GeoSimulation models to generate decision options and compute their consequences; - Multi-criteria analysis techniques to evaluate decision options using spatial data about option impacts and user preferences; - Participatory techniques and collaborative approaches to group decision making. Subsequent research questions we are interested include: - Which software architectures are useful for developing robust spatial decision support systems? - Can a generic toolkit for spatial decision support be created? - What decision support services can be offered on-line in wide area networks (Internet) using open spatial data standards? In the area of human-computer interaction research our rational is that methods and techniques for spatial decision support must be subjected to empirical studies so that substantive knowledge about the intended effects of applying geospatial information technologies can be developed. We plan to study information processing, and problem-solving in interactive, collaborative spatial decision environments built by others and ourselves. In building prototype software environments we use off-the-shelf GIS software such as ArcGIS, Idrisi, Grass, use the existing GIS toolkits such as ArcObjects, apply various geosimulation tools, and use higher level programming languages such as Java and VB. Substantive domains for application development and testing of collaborative decision support environments include: - Urban development and transportation planning; - Community planning; - Water resource management; - Land use change. Our group welcomes interested students and other potential participants who would like to work with us in the broadly-defined research area of SDSS. We are very much open to new ideas, which may expand the above listed research interests.
Zweck und Ziel: Extreme Standorte, die haeufig in Zusammenhang mit der Lagerung von Baggergut, dem Anschuetten von Daemmen usw entstehen, koennen oft nur durch eine Rasenansaat rasch wieder in die umgebende Landschaft eingegliedert und gleichzeitig vor Erosion geschuetzt werden. Ziel dieser Untersuchungen ist die Ermittlung geeigneter, vor allem trockenheitsvertragender Wildrasenmischungen zur pflegeextensiven Begruenung und dauerhaften Festlegung unterschiedlicher Bodensubstrate. Ausfuehrung: Durchfuehrung von Gelaendeversuchen mit langfristiger Beobachtung, Untersuchung und nachfolgender Auswertung. Ergebnisse: Der im Rahmen dieses Forschungsvorhabens 1983 durchgefuehrte Versuch auf einer Materialdeponie (Buntsandstein, Muschelkalk) am Neckar laesst aus Entwicklungszeitgruenden noch keine endgueltige Beurteilung zu. Es konnte bisher festgestellt werden, dass der hohe Kleeanteil im Saatgut fuer den Buntsandsteinbereich zunaechst eine Verdraengung anderer Arten bewirkte und das Ziel, einen Trockenrasen anzusiedeln, nicht erreicht wurde. In der Zwischenzeit verzeichnen jedoch auch andere Gras- und Kraeuterarten wieder hoehere Anteile im Bestand. Das hat insgesamt zu einer vollstaendigen Begruenung dieser Flaechen gefuehrt. Im Muschelkalk breitet sich der Trockenrasen weiterhin nur langsam aus, was aber vor allem auf den hohen Anteil an grobkoernigen Substrat zurueckzufuehren ist. Wo sich feinteiliges Material hinter groberem Substrat ansiedeln kann, setzt unmittelbar auch eine Vegetationsentwicklung ein. Hier sind es vor allem die Graeser und einige wenige Kraeuter, die unter den exponierten Bedingungen hoehere Anteile am Bestand einnehmen.Die Untersuch
Comprehension of belowground competition between plant species is a central part in understanding the complex interactions in intercropped agricultural systems, between crops and weeds as well as in natural ecosystems. So far, no simple and rapid method for species discrimination of roots in the soil exists. We will be developing a method for root discrimination of various species based on Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR)-Attenuated Total Reflexion (ATR) Spectroscopy and expanding its application to the field. The absorbance patterns of FTIR-ATR spectra represent the chemical sample composition like an individual fingerprint. By means of multivariate methods, spectra will be grouped according to spectral and chemical similarity in order to achieve species discrimination. We will investigate pea and oat roots as well as maize and barnyard grass roots using various cultivars/proveniences grown in the greenhouse. Pea and oat are recommendable species for intercropping to achieve superior grain and protein yields in an environmentally sustainable manner. To evaluate the effects of intercropping on root distribution in the field, root segments will be measured directly at the soil profile wall using a mobile FTIR spectrometer. By extracting the main root compounds (lipids, proteins, carbohydrates) and recording their FTIR-ATR spectra as references, we will elucidate the chemical basis of species-specific differences.
| Origin | Count |
|---|---|
| Bund | 1279 |
| Kommune | 6 |
| Land | 220 |
| Wirtschaft | 13 |
| Wissenschaft | 210 |
| Type | Count |
|---|---|
| Chemische Verbindung | 1 |
| Daten und Messstellen | 181 |
| Ereignis | 2 |
| Förderprogramm | 623 |
| Lehrmaterial | 2 |
| Taxon | 584 |
| Text | 164 |
| Umweltprüfung | 9 |
| unbekannt | 95 |
| License | Count |
|---|---|
| geschlossen | 800 |
| offen | 824 |
| unbekannt | 37 |
| Language | Count |
|---|---|
| Deutsch | 1361 |
| Englisch | 405 |
| Resource type | Count |
|---|---|
| Archiv | 44 |
| Bild | 353 |
| Datei | 754 |
| Dokument | 73 |
| Keine | 609 |
| Unbekannt | 10 |
| Webdienst | 7 |
| Webseite | 792 |
| Topic | Count |
|---|---|
| Boden | 814 |
| Lebewesen und Lebensräume | 1661 |
| Luft | 637 |
| Mensch und Umwelt | 1648 |
| Wasser | 616 |
| Weitere | 1053 |