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Landsat Science Team

Das Projekt "Landsat Science Team" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Geographisches Institut, Geomatik durchgeführt. We contribute to the Landsat Science Team with a focus on long-term satellite data analysis, regional to sub-continental approaches and cross-sensor integration between Landsat and European satellite missions. Our focus is on rapidly changing land systems, including topics such as REDD+ or global land use intensification. The Landsat Data Continuity Mission (LDCM provides a backbone activity in Earth observation. The European Sentinel missions, specifically Sentinel-2, and the German Environmental Mapping and Analysis Program (EnMAP) will provide great synergies with Landsat-8 and 40 years of archived Landsat data. There are huge opportunities for synergies across sensors and scales in order to achieve better and quasi-continuous high-resolution earth observation products across time and space. At the same time, there is an urgent need to make use of these opportunities, if we wish to move global change research based on Landsat data to the next level. Our research agenda as part of the Landsat Science Team combines aspects of (1) data characterization, (2) product generation and (3) applications. Our approach seeks to maximize synergies between the exceptional depth of the Landsat archive and future European satellite missions for advancing core land system science topics. Our geographic foci include Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union, Southeast Asia, and South America.

Ice sheets and climate in the eurasian arctic at the last glacial maximum

Das Projekt "Ice sheets and climate in the eurasian arctic at the last glacial maximum" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung - Institut AWI - Forschungsstelle Potsdam durchgeführt. General Information: The major scientific objectives of the proposed work are: (a) to reconstruct the glacial and climate history of the Eurasian Arctic for the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) 18,000 to 20,000 years ago from field observations and remote sensing investigations and (b) to model numerically the ice sheets and their sensitivity to climate change. For the LGM, the Eurasian Arctic represents the largest uncertainty concerning the global distribution of glaciers, with order of magnitude differences in the area and volume of ice between the existing maximum and minimum ice-sheet reconstructions. In order to make a more reliable reconstruction of both the glacial and climate history, we will undertake extensive field investigations in critical sectors of the Russian Arctic that have been affected by these ice sheets. The changed political climate in Russia has allowed partners in this proposal to establish collaborative links with Russian scientists, and to gain access to key geological field sites. Such collaboration has also been enhanced by the activities of the recently established European Science Foundation Programme on the 'Quaternary Environment of the Eurasian North' (QUEEN). Improved knowledge of the palaeo environment and palaeoglaciology of the Eurasian North will give a better foundation for testing the General Circulation Models (GCMs) and thereby improve their predicting capabilities. It will also contribute to our basic understanding of the way the climate system works. The extent, thickness and timing of growth and decay of the huge Eurasian ice sheets that terminated on the North European and Siberian owl ands are crucial for understanding past climatic and oceanographic changes. Our research programme is divided into several work packages (WPs), with specific partners responsible for field investigations in different areas of the Eurasian North. The eastern flank of the Scandinavian Ice Sheet and the northward transition to the Barents Ice Sheet will be the focus of WP 1. In WP 2 we will study the development of the southern flank of the Kara Ice Sheet and in WP 3 the eastern flank of this ice sheet. The field-based studies will include geological, palynological and geo-chronological investigations of exposed sediments and cores from lake basins, together with large-scale glacial landform mapping from aerial photographs and satellite images. In Work Package 4 a mathematical ice-sheet model will be used to assess the sensitivity of ice build-up and decay in the Eurasian Arctic to an envelope of past environmental conditions. Observations on the extent of full-glacial ice, and the timing and pattern of ice sheet growth and decay, will be archived in an established digital database, and will be used to test the numerical model predictions of ice sheet geometry through time... Prime Contractor: Universitetet i Bergen, Centre for Enviornmental and resource Studies; Bergen; Norway.

Forschergruppe (FOR) 2416: Space-Time Dynamics of Extreme Floods (SPATE)

Das Projekt "Forschergruppe (FOR) 2416: Space-Time Dynamics of Extreme Floods (SPATE)" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität Bochum, Lehrstuhl für Hydrologie, Wasserwirtschaft und Umwelttechnik durchgeführt. River floods are extremely important to society because of their potential damage and fatalities. Floods are also very interesting research subjects because of the intriguing non-linear interactions and feedbacks involved, interesting issues of generalisation and the need for investigating them in an interdisciplinary way. Extreme floods are not very well understood to date but new, high resolution data and new concepts for quantifying interactions promise a major breakthrough of a body of research carried out in a coordinated way. The objective of this Research Unit is to understand in a coherent way the atmospheric, catchment and river system processes and their interactions leading to extreme river floods and how these evolve in space and time. An innovative and coherent concept has been adopted in order to maximise the potential of the cooperation between the research partners which consists of three layers of integration: research themes focusing on the science questions, subprojects revolving around specific research tasks, and a joint study object of extreme floods in Germany and Austria. Using scales as a binding element, the research plan is organised into the research themes of event processes, spatial (regional) variability, temporal (decadal) variability, and uncertainty and predictability. The members of the Research Unit have been selected to obtain a team of leading experts with expertise that is complementary in terms of processes, methods and regional knowledge. The cooperation and communication strategy will be implemented through themed cluster groups, combining several subprojects, regular meetings of the cluster groups, an annual project symposium and a private cloud facilitating data exchange on the joint study object. Equal opportunity policies will be adopted and female and early career scientists will be promoted in a major way. Overall, the outcomes of the Research Unit will constitute a step change in the understanding of the coupled system of flood processes in the atmosphere, catchments and rivers which will have major implications for a range of sciences and the society.

European river flood occurrence and total risk assessment system

Das Projekt "European river flood occurrence and total risk assessment system" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Potsdam-Institut für Klimafolgenforschung e.V. durchgeführt. General Information: The EUROTAS proposal for research and technological development is directed at the development and demonstration of integrated catchment models for the assessment and mitigation of flood risk, and at the development of both appropriate modelling and management procedures. The proposed research has three main components: - the development of an integrated framework for whole catchment modelling based upon an 'open-systems' approach, - the demonstration of the feasibility and benefits of integrated modelling to answer real scientific and practical issues on the changing nature of flood risk in five river catchments, and - the development of procedures to determine the impact of river engineering works and environmental change on flooding and the assessment of flood risk. The proposed research builds upon existing research advances from EU and nationally funded research programmes. The river catchment studies will address issues at the heart of sustainable development of river basins by exploring the impacts of human intervention in the basin, flood mitigation measures and the impacts on flood risk of past and future climatic and land use changes. The principal output of the research will be a prototype integrated catchment modelling system which will include decision support for the procedures developed in the course of the research. The framework will not be tied to any particular modelling system but will set protocols for communication between different modelling components. Thus, the framework will enable nationally or regionally preferred models to be incorporated in any future practical implementation of the system and so conform to the principle of subsidiarity. The Partners are particularly concerned that the research will meet the needs of river management authorities and will provide real benefit in the future mitigation of flood losses in the EU . The involvement of river authorities in the research is seen as a crucial pathway to future implementation of the research advances. The research results will be disseminated through scientific papers, an end-of-project conference as well as implementation of the prototype integrated modelling framework. Prime Contractor: HR Wallingford Ltd., River Group; Wallingford.

Wasser und Boden - hin zu nachhaltiger Landnutzung

Das Projekt "Wasser und Boden - hin zu nachhaltiger Landnutzung" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Fachhochschule Nordostniedersachsen, Fachbereich Bauingenieurwesen (Wasserwirtschaft,Umwelttechnik) durchgeführt. Following the project idea of the International Women's University, the project area Water focused on environmental topics. The goal was to create awareness of the problems faced and seek solutions cutting across scientific disciplines and national borders. Selection of the topics in this project area was based on resolutions adopted at international conferences such as UNCED - United Nations Conference on Environments and Development, Rio de Janeiro 1992 (in line with the Agenda 21). The idea was to pursue a holistic approach to the subject-matter with a view to developing the women junior scientists' knowledge and skills. At the beginning of the project, an introductory study was conducted covering a variety of fields and disciplines including biology, chemistry, biochemistry, geology, geography, physics, agronomy economics, agricultural sciences, environmental sciences, civil engineering and educational science. This is briefly summarised in the following chapters. And to provide guidelines for further environmental studies, a manual for the analysis of soils and related materials has been compiled.

Langzeittest eines Eurozellenstapels an der PASM-Anlage in München

Das Projekt "Langzeittest eines Eurozellenstapels an der PASM-Anlage in München" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von CFC Solutions GmbH durchgeführt. Ziel des Projektes ist es, die im Eurozellen-Entwicklungsprogramm gemachten Fortschritte nach der Qualifizierung in Technologiestapeln mit 20 Zellen, auch im HotModule Maßstab über längere Zeiträume zu testen. Im Rahmen des Projekts werden neben der Langzeittauglichkeit ein erstmaliger Einsatz einer teilautomatisierten DIR-Katalysatorbestückung, die Integration einer Absorptionskälteanlage und die Eignung für Gleichstromanwendung getestet. Als Testeinrichtung dient die Feldversuchsanlage in München bei der Firma PASM (vormals DeTeImmo). Der Feldversuch dort mit FCE-Zellen wurde im Jahr 2006 beendet. Die Anlage steht deshalb für Langzeitversuche mit Eurozellen zur Verfügung. Der Betrieb des Zellstapels wird durch das bereits geschulte Betriebspersonal von PASM durchgeführt, die Anlage wird vor Anlieferung des Eurozellenstapels überprüft und die Software aktualisiert.

Referenznetz I und II sowie DYPAG

Das Projekt "Referenznetz I und II sowie DYPAG" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Technische Universität Dresden, Institut für Planetare Geodäsie, Professur für Theoretische und Physikalische Geodäsie durchgeführt. Das BMBF hat in den letzten Jahren mehrere Verbundprojekte der Antarktisforschung gefoerdert, die satellitengestuetzte, flugzeuggetragene und/oder terrestrische Systeme zur Gewinnung von Daten und Informationen genutzt haben. Zwischen den Aktivitaeten dieser Verbundprojekte besteht ein hohes Mass an Synergie, die eine wechselseitige Unterstuetzung, Kosteneinsparung sowie fachliche Ergaenzung und Vertiefung ermoeglicht. Diese Synergien sollen unter besonderer Beruecksichtigung der Verbundprojekte Referenznetz I und II sowie DYPAG herausgearbeitet und oeffentlichkeitswirksam dargestellt werden.

Aufbau von Vertrauen in die Tiefenentsorgung: die Bohrloch-Einspritzungsorte bei Tomsk-7 und Krasnojarsk-26

Das Projekt "Aufbau von Vertrauen in die Tiefenentsorgung: die Bohrloch-Einspritzungsorte bei Tomsk-7 und Krasnojarsk-26" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft, Institut für Nukleare Entsorgung durchgeführt. Objective: BORIS will use data and samples from the Russian deep borehole injection sites for liquid radioactive waste at Tomsk-7 and/or Krasnoyarsk-26 to further understanding of the chemical behaviour and migration of radionuclides in the geological environment, and thereby build scientific and societal confidence in radioactive waste disposal safety assessments and the deep disposal concept. At the Russian sites, it is possible to study radionuclide geochemical behaviour at similar depths to those envisaged for a deep geological repository for radioactive wastes. Models of radionuclide solubility, speciation and transport over a wide range of pH and Eh will be tested and corroborated. BORIS will demonstrate the ability of Western PA models to assess a 'real-world' example of radionuclide migration in the deep geological environment, and will evaluate the extent to which the new data can be used to build confidence in geosphere performance. Prime Contractor: Galson Sciences Ltd., Oakham (Leichestershire); UK.

DYPAG, FEME und Referenznetz I und II

Das Projekt "DYPAG, FEME und Referenznetz I und II" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität Freiburg, Institut für Physische Geographie durchgeführt. Das BMBF hat in den letzten Jahren mehrere Verbundprojekte der Antarktisforschung gefoerdert, die satellitengestuetzte, flugzeuggetragene und terrestrische Systeme zur Gewinnung von Daten und Informationen genutzt haben. Zwischen den Aktivitaeten dieser Verbundprojekte besteht ein hohes Mass an Synergie, die eine wechselseitige Unterstuetzung, Kosteneinsparungen sowie fachliche Ergaenzung und Vertiefung ermoeglicht. Diese Synergien sollen unter besonderer Beruecksichtigung der Verbundprojekte DYPAG, FEME und Referenznetz I und II herausgearbeitet und oeffentlichkeitswirksam dargestellt werden.

Ueberwachung der Schadstoffbelastung von Grundwasser und Boden im Gaza-Streifen

Das Projekt "Ueberwachung der Schadstoffbelastung von Grundwasser und Boden im Gaza-Streifen" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität Heidelberg, Institut für Umwelt-Geochemie durchgeführt. Im Gaza-Streifen herrscht akuter Wassermangel. Die Verschlechterung der Wasserqualität durch Grundwasserspiegelabsenkung, unkontrollierte Abwasserversickerung und intensive Bodendüngung trägt zusätzlich zur Verschärfung der Situation bei. Daten über toxische Schadstoffe im Grundwasser und Boden sind nicht genügend vorhanden. Eine Bestandsaufnahme der Belastungssituation durch Schwermetalle und organische Schadstoffe, die Erkennung und Quantifizierung der Belastungsquellen und die Entwicklung von Maßnahmen für eine umweltverträgliche Verbesserung der Situation, stellen die Hauptziele des Projektes dar. Verteilung, Verbleib und Relevanz der Schadstoffe wird untersucht. Inhaltsstoffe des Abwassers und des Klärschlammes werden ermittelt. Das Projekt wird von palästinensischen Partnern unterstützt. Der Austausch von Wissenschaftlern, die Unterstützung beim Aufbau der Wasseranalytik in Gaza und das Training in den Laboratorien soll zu einer systematischen und langfristigen Überwachung der Umweltqualität im Gaza Streifen führen. Die Ergebnisse sollen zur Schaffung der Grundlagen für die notwendigen Maßnahmen zum Schutz der lebenswichtigen Ressource Grundwasser beitragen.

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